بررسی کارایی مکمل ورمی هوموس در جیره بلدرچین ژاپنی

به منظور ارزیابی اثرات سطوح مختلف مکمل ورمی هوموس و آنتی بیوتیک ویرجینیامایسین، از 320 قطعه بلدرچین 4 روزه در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با 8 تیمار (شامل سطوح 2/0، 4/0، 6/0، 8/0، 1 و 2 درصد ورمی هوموس و سطح 15/0 درصد ویرجینیامایسین و گروه شاهد) و 4 تکرار و 10 جوجه در هر تکرار استفاده شد. در دوره پرورش کم‌ترین ضریب تبدیل غذایی برای تیمار 6/0 درصد ورمی هوموس و بیش‌ترین آن در تیمار 2 درصد ورمی هوموس مشاهده شد که با تیمار ویرجینیامایسین تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. شمارش باکتری های اسید لاکتیک و استرپتوکوکوس در تیمار 8/0 درصد ورمی هوموس به طور معنی داری بیش‌تر از سایر گروه ها بود، هم‌چنین کم‌ترین تعداد باکتری های گرم منفی روده ای در این تیمار مشاهده شد. بالا ترین میزان کلسترول سرم در تیمار ویرجینیامایسین و کم‌ترین آن در تیمار 6/0 درصد ورمی هوموس مشاهده شد. تیمار 8/0 درصد ورمی هوموس، کم‌ترین مقدار تری گلیسرید سرم خون را داشت. بیش‌ترین مقدار اسید اوریک سرم در تیمار ویرجینیامایسین مشاهده شد. وزن نسبی اندام های داخلی، درصد هماتوکریت و میزان هموگلوبین خون، پروتئین تام، آلبومین، hdl و فسفر سرم و خاکستر استخوان تحت تاثیر تیمار ها قرار نگرفتند. حداکثر مقدار کلسیم سرم در تیمار 6/0 درصد ورمی هوموس مشاهده شد. برای پارامتر های کیفیت گوشت، تیمار 1 درصد ورمی هوموس کم‌ترین میزان مالون دی آلدئید و تیمار های حاوی 6/0 و 8/0 درصد بیش‌ترین ظرفیت نگهداری آب را داشتند. بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق سطح 6/0 تا 8/0 درصد ورمی هوموس می تواند علاوه بر اثرات مثبتی که در راستای بهبود تولید داشته باشد، سلامتی پرنده و مصرف کننده را نیز فراهم نماید.

Evaluation of Vermi humus Supplementation in Japanese Quail’s Diets

Introduction: The poultry industry has a crucial role in production of nutritious food for human consumption. Good quality feeds and rational nutrition are essential preconditions for obtain high producing healthy animals and economic prosperity in a flock. Antibiotics are worldwide used so far in animal husbandry to improve animal products, but nowadays the application of antibiotics as feed additives has been restricted. Therefore researchers have looked for new feed additives that are not harmful to human health. Previous studies related to humates have focused mainly on the growth of germinal tissue in seed. Humic acid based mixtures have the potential to be an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in animal diets. The idea of using humates as feed additives in animal nutrition is new in this research we investigated the effects of vermi humus as an Iranian source of humic acid. Vermi humus is final product of organic matter degradation by earth worms (Eisenia fotida). There are no information about nutritional effects of vermin humus in poultry nutrition. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of vermi humus and virginiamycin on Japanese quail. #13 Materials and Methods: The treatments were considered as 6 levels of vermi humus (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1 and 2 %) and 0.15 % virginiamycin and a control diet in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates and 10 birds in each cage. Therefore, 8 experimental dietary treatments were studied during 4 weeks. Water and feed were provided ad libitum, and lighting was continuous throughout the experimental period. The effects of these treatments were evaluated by general health indices such as growing performance, feed conversion ratio, viability, production efficiency factor, carcass percentage, relative organ weights, ileal microbial count, some serum biochemical indexes, and some meat quality parameters. The data were subjected to analysis using a General Linear Model procedure of SAS for the randomized complete block design. Differences between means were determined by Duncan’s multiple range test. #13 Results and Discussion: The lowest and the highest feed conversion ratio were related to 0.6 % vermi humus and 2 % vermi humus respectively. Dietary supplemention of different levels of vermi humus did not influenced the viability percentage. There was no significant difference among birds that fed with supplemented diets with different levels of vermi humus in compared with control group. in terms of Production efficiency factor. The lactic acid bacteria and streptococci counts in the 0.8 % vermi humus were increased compared with other groups, moreover the Gram negative bacteria count in this group showed a significantly reduction compared to other groups. The highest and the lowest concentration of serum cholesterol were observed in virginiamycin and 0.6 % vermi humus, respectively. Serum triglyceride in the 0.8 % vermi humus group showed a significantly decrease. The highest concentration of uric acid was observed in serum of birds that received virginiamycin. There was no significant difference among groups in terms of relative weights of heart, liver, proventriculus, and gizzard due to feeding vermin humus. Also hematocrit, hemoglobin, High density lipoprotein, total protein, albumin, phosphorus, percentage of tibia ash and meat ash were not affected by experimental treatments. The highest concentration of calcium was observed in serum of birds that fed with 0.6 % vermi humus. The highest meat fat contents were related to of 0.6 % and 0.8 % vermi humus, also the highest water holding capacity was observed in these groups and treatments with 1 % vermi humus had a minimum malondialdehyde concentration. The positive effects of humic acid as a feed additive in this study were supported by the other studies, although some others do not demonstrated any beneficial effect of humate substances. Performance differences due to humate supplementation observed in the literature might result from the compositional differences among the commercially available humate products. #13 Conclusion: Overall, these results show that supplementing Japanese quail diets with vermi humus at a level of 0.6 0.8 % can be used to improve quality of bird’s products along with beneficial effects to birds and humans. Therefore vermi humus might be promising alternatives for antibiotic growth promoters as pressure to eliminate antibiotic growth promoters in animal feed increases. The vermi humus offers a good alternative to improve quails production. These results show that vermi humus at level of 0.6 0.8 % can be used to improve quality of bird’s products along with beneficial effects to birds and humans.