زمین شیمی عناصر کمیاب در میزبان گالن های موجود در ذخایر فلوئوریت البرز مرکزی، استان مازندران

در سلسله جبال البرز در استان مازندران، رخدادهای متعددی از کانسارهای فلوئوریت با سنگ میزبان کربناته حضور دارند که دارای مقادیر فراوانی از گالن و مقادیر ناچیزی از اسفالریت هستند. دستیابی به توانایی معدنی کانسارهای فلوئوریت از کانی سازی عناصر کمیاب و کاربردهای ژنزی از اهداف این پژوهش است. بدین‌منظور، تعداد 26 نمونه خالص گالن از نسل های مختلف زایشی (رگهرگچه ای و افشان دانه درشت تا دانه ریز) در کانسارهای فلوئوریت کمرپشت، پاچیمیانا و اراء پس از آماده سازی، توسط فناوری icpms برای عناصر sb، as، ag، hg، bi، cd، tl، ga، se به همراه cu وzn تجزیه‌شدند. داده های به‌دست آمده، نشان‌داد که گالن به‌طور نسبی از sb (حداکثر تاppm 2581 با میانگین حدود ppm620) و ag (حداکثر تا ppm70 با میانگینppm30) غنی و از دیگر عناصر فقیر هستند و گوناگونی غلظت عناصر کمیاب در گالن های افشان و رگهرگچه ای روند معناداری نشان نمی دهد. روابط بین عنصری در گالن همبستگی قوی (r≥0.65) بین sb–ag و همبستگی متوسط (0.6 gt، lt،r0.4) بین ag–as، ag–cu و hg–zn را نشان‌داد. غلظت بالای sb و ag در گالن می تواند مرتبط با حضور کانی های خاص از این عناصر (مانند تتراهیدریت، استفانیت، دیافوریت و تووینیت) به‌صورت ادخال در گالن میزبان باشد؛ در‌حالی که بروز غلظت های نه چندان زیاد از عناصر cd و hg و ارتباط معنادار آنها با غلظت zn در گالن (0.5 gt، lt،r0.2) می تواند مربوط به حضور ادخال های اسفالریت و پولهموزیت و همچنین جایگزینی ساده هم بار الکتریکی بین cd2+ و pb2+ در گالن بوده باشد. با توجه به حضور فراوان گالن (ده ها هزار تن) در معادن فلوئوریت مورد بررسی و غلظت نسبتاً بالای sb و ag در ساختمان آنها، ارزیابی اقتصادی بازیابی این عناصر از گالن در مقیاس آزمایشگاهی پیشنهاد می شود. ارزیابی غلظت عناصر کمیاب در گالن نشان‌داد که کانسارهای مورد بررسی شباهت بیشتری به کانسارهای نوع دره می‌سی سی پی غنی از فلوئوریت نسبت به دیگر کانسارهای فلوئوریت با سنگ میزبان کربناته نشان می دهند.

Trace elements geochemistry of galena in fluorite deposits from central Alborz, Mazandaran Province

Introduction Trace elements including As, Sb, Bi, Ga, Ge, In, Hg, Cd, Tl, Se and REEs have special applications in various industries due to their physical and chemical properties. Ore deposits of these metals have not occurred in the Earth apos،s crust, and these elements are mainly hosted in sulfide minerals of Cu, Pb and Zn (Hall and Heyl, 1968، Song and Tan, 1996، Ye et al., 2011، George et al., 2015). Elika Formation (middle Triassic) in central Alborz is host of several carbonate rockhosted fluorite deposits such as Kamarposht, PachiMiana, Shashroodbar and Era (Alirezaee, 1989، Rastad and Shariatmadar, 2001، Rajabi et al., 2013، Vahabzadeh et al., 2014، Zabihitabar and Shafiei, 2014، Mehraban et al. 2016، Nabiloo et al. 2017). Despite previous valuable studies in these deposits, the value of the presence of trace elements in the galena of these deposits has not yet been documented. Materials and methods For the current research study, sampling from 3 flourite mines including Kamarposht, PachiMiana and Era was carried out to collect 26 pure galena grains separated from various fluorite oretypes. The samples were analyzed for trace elements at the ICPMS at Act Labs Ltd., Canada. ResultsThe highest concentrations of trace elements in galena samples were obtained for Sb (with mean 692 ppm and maximum concentration of 2531 ppm) and Ag (with a mean of 24.28 ppm and a maximum concentration of 2531 ppm). The lowest values ​​were obtained for Bi (mean 0.04 ppm), Se (average 1.89 ppm) and Ga (mean 0.9 ppm) and Tl (mean 0.3 ppm). Hg (0.06 – 10 ppm), Cd (1.14 – 23 ppm) and As (0.1 – 36 ppm) exhibited a wide range of concentrations.The comparison of the trace elements concentration in the studied galena samples with those of the MVT, SEDEX, Irishtype deposits shows that the concentrations of Sb, Tl, Hg, Se and Cu in the studied galena are close to the values ​​for MVT deposits, whereas the studied galena samples are much poorer in Ag, Bi, Cd and As than those of the MVT deposits. There is meaningful relationship between concentrations of some trace elements such as Tl– Ag (r=0.82), Tl– Cu (r=0.71), Ag–Sb (r=0.66), Cu– Ag, Ag – As, Cu– As, Sb– Cu, Hg – Zn, As – Sb, Hg – Cd, Zn – Cu (0.3 lt، r lt، 0.6). DiscussionOur data revealed that galena samples are relatively rich in Sb (up to 2581 ppm with an average ~ 620 ppm) and Ag (up to 70 ppm with an average ~ 30 ppm), whereas they are poor in other trace elements. Interelement relationships in galena show strong correlation between Sb – Ag (r≥0.65) and moderate correlation between Ag – As, Ag –Cu as well as Hg –Zn (0.4 lt،r lt،0.6). Based on our data, high concentration of Sb and Ag in galena could be related to the presence of special minerals (e.g., tetrahedrite, stephanite, diaphorite, twinnite) as inclusion in the host galena, whereas the occurrence of not very high concentrations of Cd and Hg and meaningful relationship with Zn concentrations in galena could be due to the presence of inclusions of sphalerite (ZnS) and polhemusite (ZnHgS) in the galena. Due to the large presence of galena (several tens of thousands) in the studied fluorite mines, and the relatively high concentration of Sb and Ag in the galena samples of these deposits, an assessment of the economic recovery on a laboratory scale of these elements is suggested. ReferencesAlirezaee, S., 1989. 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