اثر تیمارهای حفظ رطوبت خاک بر استقرار اولیه نهال گیاه آنغوزه ferula foetida

آﻧﻐﻮزه ﯾﮑﯽ از ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ در اﯾﺮان اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮی راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺛﺮ دراﺳﺘﻘﺮار آن ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮای اﺣﯿﺎی اﮐﻮﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎی ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺸﮏ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﺮدم ﺑﻮﻣﯽ آن ﻣﻔﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از محدودﯾﺖﻫﺎی اﺳﺎﺳﯽ در اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺸﮏ و ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺧﺸﮏ اﺳت، در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ اﻧﻮاع ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎی ﺳﻨﮓﭼﯿﻦ، ﺳﻮﭘﺮﺟﺎذب، ﺳﻮﭘﺮﺟﺎذب ﺑﺎ ﺳﻨﮓﭼﯿﻦ و ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﺮای ﮐﻤﮏ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﺪن ﺑﺬر و اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﻧﻬﺎل آﻧﻐﻮزه در ﺣﻮزه آﺑﺨﯿﺰ زوﺟﯽ ﮐﺎﺧﮏ واﻗﻊ در ﺟﻨﻮب اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮ ی، ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻨﺎﺑﺎد، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎی ﺣﻔﻆ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ (ﺳﻨﮓﭼﯿﻦ، ﺳﻮﭘﺮﺟﺎذب، ﺳﻨﮓﭼﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮﭘﺮﺟﺎذب)، و ﮐﺮتﻫﺎی ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﻮع ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺬر (ﺳﺮﻣﺎدﻫﯽ ﺷﺪه ﯾﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ) ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ در 30 ﺗﮑﺮار ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎی ﺳﻮﭘﺮﺟﺎذب ﺑﺎ ﺳﻨﮓﭼﯿﻦ و ﺳﻨﮓﭼﯿﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ دﻣﺎ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﺧﺎک ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎی ﺣﻔﻆ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ دارای ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻬﺎل ﺳﺒﺰﺷﺪه و اﺳﺘﻘﺮارﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻧﻬﺎل ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎی ﺣﻔﻆ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎی ﺳﻮﭘﺮﺟﺎذب ﺑﺎ ﺳﻨﮓﭼﯿﻦ و ﺳﻨﮓﭼﯿﻦ ﺑﻮﯾﮋه در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺳﺮﻣﺎدﻫﯽ ﺷﺪه ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﻬﺘﺮی داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﺑﺮای ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ و ﺑﻬﺮه وری آﻧﻐﻮزه ﺑﻮﯾﮋه در مواﻗﻊ ﺧﺸﮑﺴﺎﻟﯽ از راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎی ﺣﻔﻆ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻮﭘﺮﺟﺎذب ﻫﺎ و ﯾﺎ ﻣﺎﻟﭻ ﺳﻨﮓ ﺑﻬﺮه ﻻزم ﺑﺮده ﺷﻮد و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮای ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺧﻮاب ﺑﺬر آﻧﻐﻮزه و افزایش ﻣﯿﺰان ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ آن ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺳﺮﻣﺎدﻫﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

effects of soil moisture conservation treatments on the early establishment of ferula foetida seedlings

ferula foetida is one of the important medicinal plants in the steppe rangelands of iran. applying effective methods for its establishment can be useful for reviving the ecosystems of arid areas and the economy of its indigenous people. due to the fact that drought stress is one of the main limitations in the establishment of plants in arid and semiarid regions, in this study the effects of various treatments were studied on seed germination and establishment of ferula foetida seedlings, in the kakhk twin watersheds, located in the south of khorasan razavi province, gonabad city. experiment included some soil moisture conservation treatments (stone shelter, superabsorbent, superabsorbent + stone shelter or control) and seed treatments (prechilling or control), with 30 replicates for each treatment. superabsorbent + sand shelters and sand shelters alone, reduced temperature and increased soil moisture. moisture conservation treatments led to higher number of seedling emergence and survival and higher seedling height than those of control. among the moisture conservation treatments, superabsorbent + stone shelter performed better, especially for the prechilled seedlings. according to the our results, superabsorbents and stone shelters can improve the production and productivity of ferula foetida, especially during the drought times. we also suggest prechilling treatments to overcome the dormancy of ferula foetida seeds.