اثر نوع و روش مصرف اسیدهای آمینه مختلف بر فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی، محتوای پرولین و عملکرد دانه عدس (lens culinaris medik.)

به منظور مطالعه اثر اسیدهای آمینه مختلف روی عملکرد و صفات بیوشمیایی عدس، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1397 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. عوامل مورد بررسی شامل نحوه کاربرد آمینواسیدها در سه سطح بذرمال، محلول‌پاشی و بذرمال + محلول‌پاشی به‌عنوان عامل  اول و کاربرد انواع آمینواسیدها در پنج سطح آرژنین، آسپارتیک اسید، پرولین، اسیدآمینه تجاری پروآمین و آب‌مقطر (شاهد) به‌عنوان عامل دوم در نظر گرفته شد. مقدار مصرف اسیدهای آمینه یک گرم در لیتر بود. نتایج نشان داد بیش‌ترین وزن خشک کل به‌ترتیب از تیمارهای بذرمال و محلوپاشی آسپارتیک اسید (2388 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، محلول‌پاشی آرژنین (2330 کیلوگرم در هکتار)  و محلول‌پاشی اسیدآمینه تجاری پروآمین (2219 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به‌دست آمد. بیش‌ترین میزان فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز در تیمار استفاده از آب‌مقطر به‌صورت محلول‌پاشی و کمترین فعالیت آن در کاربرد آرژنین به‌صورت  بذرمال مشاهده شد. کاربرد اسیدآمینه آسپارتیک اسید با718.8 کیلوگرم در هکتار بیش‌ترین عملکرد را تولید کرد که بیش از سه برابر عملکرد حاصل از استفاده از آب‌مقطر (شاهد) بود. کاربرد آرژنین (555.1 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، اسیدآمینه تجاری پروآمین (444.5 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و پرولین (327.8 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به‌ترتیب در رتبه‌های بعدی قرار گرفت. کاربرد آسپارتیک اسید به‌صورت بذرمال و محلول‌پاشی با بیش‌ترین عملکرد به‌عنوان تیمار برتر معرفی می‌شود.

Effects of Application and Type of Amino Acids on the Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes, Proline Content and Seed yield of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

AbstractIntroductionLentil is used mainly for human consumption as a source of protein and carbohydrates in soups, stews and vegetarian dishes. It is grown to improve economical returns to producers, diversify and lengthen crop rotations and reduce the requirement for nitrogen fertilizer. Lentil, a member of the legume family, Leguminosae, can supply a significant part of its Nitrogen requirement by fixing Nitrogen from the air when inoculated with the appropriate rhizobial inoculant. The pattern of nutrients in the proximal composition of lentil is similar to that of other grain legumes, but seed protein content (19.5–35.5%) is less than in soybean. Fiber concentration is low and is largely within the seed testa, so the fiber in lentil meal can be reduced if it is dehulled before grinding. In addition to highquality protein, essential amino acids, and major minerals, the seed contains iron up to 505 mg kg1 and zinc up to 330 mg kg1 on a whole seed basis. Amino acids are help in tissue protein formation. Some amino acids are not synthesized in the body and it is necessary to take them in diet. Lentils contain different amino acids that can be used by most people. This research was carriedout to study effect of different amino acids on the activity of antioxidant enzymes, Proline content and seed yield of lentil in delayed planting. Materials and MethodsThe research was conducted as a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the Research Farm of Agricultural Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, through May to July, 2018. The studied factors included mode of application (priming, spraying and priming + spraying) and type of amio acids (Arginine, Aspartic acid, Proline, trade amino acid (proamin) and distilled water (control). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and also mean comparisons were accomplished using the general linear model (GLM) procedure. LSD procedure at a probability level of 0.05 was used to determine statistically significant differences among treatment means. Results and and DiscussionThe results showed that the highest total dry weight was obtained from the application of Arginine spraying (2330 kg ha1), priming + spraying aspartic acid (2388 kg ha1) and trade amino acid (2219 kg ha1). The highest amount of catalase (CAT) activity was observed in the treatment of distilled water by foliar application and its least effective activity was observed in the application of Arginine as priming. The application of aspartic acid as acidic acid with 888.7 kg ha2 produced the highest yield. As a result, it is more than three times the performance of using distilled water (control). The application of Arginine (555.1 kg ha2), commercial amine (444.0 kg ha2) and Proline (327.8 kg ha2) were established in the next rank, respectively. According to the results of this study, amino acids can reduce the stress of heat. In the absence of amino acid, yield reduction will be higher. Although amino acids are a Nitrogen source, the routine concentrations involved in exogenous supply are so low that its positive effects can be attributable to an increase in Nitrogen availability. ConclusionAspartic acid and Arginine due to their role in the Nitrogen cycle and also, due to the fact that amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, improved lentil yield. Therefore, it is recommended to use amino acids to increase the yield of lentils. The application of aspartic acid via both priming and spraying is suggested as the best treatment.