معرفی فلور، شکل زیستی، پراکنش جغرافیایی و طبقۀ حفاظتی گیاهان کوه گرین، شهرستان دلفان - استان لرستان

این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی گونه‌‌های گیاهی، تعیین شکل‌‌های زیستی و پراکنش جغرافیایی و معرفی گیاهان انحصاری و طبقۀ حفاظتی آنها در بخشی از کوه گرین در محدودۀ شهرستان دلفان در استان لرستان انجام شد. ابتدا نمونه‌‌های گیاهی مشاهده‌‌شده در منطقه طی فصل رویشی جمع‌‌آوری و براساس روش‌‌های متداول تاکسونومی گیاهی، خانواده، جنس و گونۀ هریک از آنها تعیین شد؛ سپس طبقۀ حفاظتی گونه‌های گیاهی براساس طبقه‌‌بندی international union for conservation of nature (iucn) و با استفاده از اطلاعات کتاب red data book of iran تعیین شد. براساس نتایج این پژوهش، 212 گونه متعلق به 150 جنس و 46 تیره شناسایی شد. نتایج نشان داد خانواده‌‌های بزرگ‌‌تر ازلحاظ تعداد گونه، خانوادۀ کاسنی (asteraceae) با 34 گونه (16.04 درصد)، خانوادۀ نعنائیان (lamiaceae) با 30 گونه (14.15 درصد)، خانوادۀ گندمیان (poaceae) با 29 گونه (13.68 درصد)، خانوادۀ شب‌‌بو (brassicaceae) با 22 گونه (10.38 درصد)، خانوادۀ باقلائیان (fabaceae) با 19 گونه (8.96 درصد) و خانوادۀ جعفری (apiaceae) با 10 گونه (4.72 درصد) هستند. اشکال زیستی گیاهان منطقه، تعیین‌‌شده براساس طبقه‌‌بندی رانکایر، شامل همی‌‌کریپتوفیت‌‌ها (42.92)، تروفیت‌‌ها (35.85 درصد)، ژئوفیت‌‌ها (10.85 درصد)، فانروفیت‌‌ها (5.66 درصد) و کامفیت‌‌ها (4.72 درصد) می‌‌شود. ازنظر پراکندگی جغرافیایی نیز 51 درصد گونه‌‌ها از عناصر ایرانی - تورانی است. با بررسی گونه‌‌های انحصاری ایران در منطقه، دو نوع طبقۀ حفاظتی برای آنها تشخیص داده شد که شامل طبقۀ در معرض خطر کمتر با 14 گونه و طبقۀ در معرض خطر انقراض با یک گونه است.

investigating the flora, life form, chorology, and conservation classes of plants in garin mountain, delfan county- lorestan province

this study aimed to investigate the flora, life form, chorology, and exclusive plants and their conservation class of plants in garin mountains delfan county, lorestan province. first, the plant samples observed in the area during the growing season were collected, and based on the common methods of plant taxonomy, the family, genus, and species of each of them were determined. then, based on the classification of the international union for conservation of nature (iucn) and red data book of iran, the conservation classes of plants in the region were investigated. the results of this research indicated 212 species belonging to 150 genera and 46 families. the results showed that the largest families in terms of the number of species are asteraceae with 34 species (16.04%), lamiaceae with 30 species (14.15%), poaceae with 29 species (13.68%), brassicaceae with 22 species (10.38%), fabaceae with 19 species (8.96%), and apiaceae with 10 species (4.72%). the life forms of the plants in the region, which were determined based on raunkiaer’s classification, include hemicryptophytes (42.92%), therophytes (35.85%), geophytes (10.85%), phanerophytes (5.66%), and chamaephytes (4.72%). in terms of geographical distribution, 51% of the species were from iran-turani elements. by reviewing iran’s rare exclusive species in the region, two types of conservation classes were identified for them, which include the lower risk (lr) with 14 species and endangered (en) with one species.key words: biodiversity, floristic study, garin mountain, taxonomy, vegetative elements. introductionthe flora of each region is in fact the result of the biological society’s reactions to the current conditions and also in relation to the evolution of plants in the past periods and the geographical situation of that era. considering the role of plant identification and its undeniable importance in biological sciences, knowing the power of the environment, and using the environment rationally as much as possible and improving it, the scientific identification of plants in each field, both in terms of research and application, has become of fundamental importance. also, the identification of vegetation and the study of the geographical distribution of plants in a region form the basis of ecological studies and research in that region and play a significant role in applying proper management in that region. this research was conducted for the first time on the northern slopes of graen mountain in delfan city, and one of its main goals was to accurately identify and evaluate the plants of the region, their biological forms, geographical distribution, and introduce iran’s exclusive plants in the region and their protection classes.materials and methodsdelfan county is located in the northwest of lorestan province. the maximum height of the studied area is 3362 meters and the minimum height is 1924 meters above sea level. the average annual rainfall of delfan is about 490 mm and the average annual temperature is 11.8 oc. plant samples were collected and identified in two vegetative periods. the plants in the area were collected and identified based on reliable sources and the apg iv system (2016) and then deposited in the herbarium of the faculty of natural resources, lorestan university. raunkiaer’s (1934) classification was used to determine their life form. also, the red data book of iran and some authoritative articles were used to evaluate endangered species. in addition, the chorotype of the species was identified according to their distribution areas in iran and other countries and the compilation of the geographical divisions of iranian vegetation by takhtajan (1986), zohary (1973), and assadi (1986-2020). research findingsin this study, 212 plant species from 150 genera and 46 families were identified in the studied area. asteraceae with 34 species (16.04%), lamiaceae with 30 species (14.15%), poaceae with 29 species (13.68%), brassicaceae with 22 species (10.38%), fabaceae with 19 species (8.96%), and apiaceae with 10 species (4.72%) are among the most important families in the region. the results showed that in terms of life form (germination and wintering position), hemi-cryptophytes with 91 species (42.92%) are the most important life forms in the studied area. in terms of geographical distribution, 51% of the species were from iran-turani elements. by reviewing iran’s rare exclusive species in the region, two types of conservation classes were identified for them, which include the lower risk (lr) with 14 species and endangered (en) with one species. discussion of results and conclusionthe abundance of plants of the asteraceae family may be due to destruction in the region. the biological spectrum of plant species and the percentage of presence of each of the biological forms can show an image of the climate of the region. the abundance of hemi-cryptophyte plants in a region indicates its cold and mountainous climate. due to the mountainous nature and the cold climate of the studied area, the abundance of hemi-cryptophyte plants can be considered a result of the adaptation of these plants to the cold and livestock grazing. the geographical distribution of the set of plant species in each region is a reflection of the influence of different vegetation areas. the results of the present research showed that most of the regional vegetation elements identified in this research (51%) belong to the irani-turani region. the height between 2000 and 2500 meters can prove the predominance of iran-turanian traits, so being high can be one of the reasons for the existence of dominant iran-turanian traits in the studied area. the presence of rare and endangered species indicates the severity of the area’s destruction. since environmental planning for any region is not possible without knowing the vegetation status of that region and the species diversity of those communities, studying plants not only in terms of their nature but also as factors that modify the conditions of the human living environment, especially in the plan development and construction plans are very important.