eremurus spectabilis root extract: evaluating different extraction methods and antimicrobial and antioxidant characteristics

The current study aimed to investigate the potential antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of eremurus spectabilis (e. spectabilis) in three extraction techniques. three methods were selected to extract the aqueous, alcoholic, and hydroalcoholic extracts of e. spectabilis. the extraction yield was obtained from 10 g of e. spectabilis powder. the carbohydrate test was performed using the phenol sulfuric acid method. the kjeldahl method was used in two replicates based on the aoac 2550 standard to determine the protein content. the concentration of phenolic compounds was measured by the folin-ciocalteu assay. based on the results, e. spectabilis had 70.33% w/w carbohydrates and 7.1% w/w proteins. the extraction percentages for the aqueous, alcoholic, and hydroalcoholic extracts of e. spectabilis were 50%, 10%, and 25%, respectively. the results showed that the aqueous extraction method was the most efficient. the total phenol amount for e. spectabilis aqueous extract was 150.04 mg/g. the antioxidant property of the e. spectabilis aqueous extract was determined to be 50.71%  none of the concentrations of the aqueous extract did not have antimicrobial properties against staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. these findings demonstrates the need for further studies on other pathogens and using different concentrations.