مدلسازی تخصیص کاربری‌های شهری برمبنای تحلیل تناسب زمین (مطالعه موردی: شهر زنجان)

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺗﺨﺼﯿﺺ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی زﻣﯿﻦ ﺷﻬﺮی ﻫﻤﻮاره از ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﯿﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎزی ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻧﻈﺮان ﻫﻤﻮاره ﺳﻌﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ در ﺗﺨﺼﯿﺺ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﭘﯿﺮاﻣﻮﻧﯽ، ﻫﻤﺠﻮاری ﻫﺎ، ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری ﻫﺎ و ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎری ﻫﺎ، ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ زﻣﯿﻦ و دﯾﮕﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ ورود ﺑﻪ ﻋﺼﺮ ﮐﺎﻣﭙ ﯿﻮﺗﺮ و ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎی اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ اﻣﮑﺎن ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ و ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬاری آن ﻫﺎ در ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰی ﺗﺨﺼﯿﺺ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی زﻣ ﯿﻦ ﺑ ﯿﺶ از ﭘ ﯿﺶ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﻋﯿﻦ ﺣﺎل ﺗﻼش ﻫﺎی ﻋﻠﻤﯽ زﯾﺎدی درزﻣﯿﻨﻪ ی ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ اﯾﻦ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎ و روش ﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮی ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎره ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻓﺰا ﯾﺶ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎ ﯾﯽ آن ﻫﺎ و ﻓﻨﺎوری ﻫﺎی ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ در ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎﻧﯽ از ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮی ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. روش ﻫﺎ و ﻣﺪل ﻫﺎی اﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮔﺴﺘﺮده ای در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎررﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ؛ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد اﯾﻦ روش ﻫﺎ در ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰی ﺷﻬﺮی، ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺖ ﻫﺮ واﺣﺪ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮای ﺗﺨﺼﯿﺺ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی ﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﻬﺮی اﺳﺖ.ﻫﺪف: ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اراﺿﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮای اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﮐﺎرﺑﺮﯾﻬﺎی ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در ﺷﻬﺮ زﻧﺠﺎن اﺳﺖ. روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﮐﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی و از ﻧﻈﺮ روش، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ، از ﻓﻨﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺖ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی زﻣﯿﻦ، ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ خطی وزﻧﺪار و دﻟﻔﯽ ﺑﺮای ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺖ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﻗﻄﻌﺎت زﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺮای ﺗﺨﺼﯿﺺ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻗﻠﻤﺮو ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ: ﻗﻠﻤﺮو ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ زﻧﺠﺎن ﻣﺘﺸﮑﻞ از ﺳﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ وﺣﯿﺪﯾﻪ، ﻫﻨﺮﺳﺘﺎن و ﺳﺮﺟﻨﮕﻠﺪاری اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎی اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﮐﻪ از ﻫﻤﭙﻮﺷﺎﻧﯽ دادهﻫﺎی رﻗﻮﻣﯽ )ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ، ﻗﯿﻤﺖ زﻣﯿﻦ، دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻮرﻫﺎی ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺮﻫﺎی ﻗﻄﻌﻪ زﻣﯿﻦ و آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﻫﻮا( در ﯾﮏ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ از ﺷﻬﺮ زﻧﺠﺎن ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه، ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ ازﻗﻄﻌﺎت زﻣﯿﻦ در ﻣﺤﺪوده ی ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی ﺑﺮا ی ﮐﺪام ﻧﻮع ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی دارﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ 3 ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮ ﺑﺮای ﺗﺨﺼﯿﺺ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی زﻣﯿﻦ در ﻣﺤﺪوده ی ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ را اراﺋﻪ ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ. ﺑﻌﻼوه ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﮑﺎن ﻫﺎی ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮای ﺗﺨﺼﯿﺺ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی ﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی ﺑﺎ ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎی اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ و روش ﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮی ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎره و ﻓﻦ دﻟﻔﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎن ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮی تخصیص کاربری زمین شهری در سطح ریزدانه به کار گرفته شود.

urban land use allocation modeling based onland suitability analysis (case study: zanjan city)

introduction: allocation of urban land use has always been one of the topics of interest of urban planning experts. experts have always tried to pay attention to the substrate and surrounding environment, neighbors, compatibility andincompatibility, suitability of the land and other factors in allocating uses. with the advent of the computer era andthe expansion of geographic information systems, it is possible to pay attention to these factors and their influence inthe planning process of land use allocation. at the same time, many scientific efforts have been made in the field ofintegrating these systems and multi-criteria decision-making analysis methods in order to increase their ability andrelated technologies in decision-making support. the methods and models of this field have also been widely used invarious studies; one of the most important applications of these methods in urban planning is to determine thesuitability of each location unit for the allocation of different urban uses.research aim: the purpose of the current research is to determine the lands with suitable capabilities for theestablishment of suitable uses in zanjan city.methodology: this article, which is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method, hasused the techniques of land use suitability analysis, weighted linear combination and delphi to answer this questionand determine the suitability of each piece of land for land use allocation.studied areas: the geographical scope of this research is one of the districts of zanjan city, which consists of threeneighborhoods, including vahidiya, hanrestan and sarjangaldari.results: the findings of this article obtained from overlapping digital data (analytical maps of area, land price,access to communication axes, number of plots of land and air pollution) in an area of zanjan city, show that each ofthe plots of land in the target area is suitable for more for which type of user.conclusion: the results of this article present 3 scenarios for land use allocation in the desired area. inaddition, determining the appropriate places for the allocation of urban uses by combining geographicinformation systems and multi-criteria decision analysis methods and delphi technique can be used as asupport for the decision-making of urban land use allocation at a fine-grained level.