تحلیل عملکرد زیست محیطی کلانشهر تهران براساس شاخص های رویکرد شهر سبز (مطالعه موردی: مناطق مرکزی و جنوبی)

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺑﺮوز اﻧﻘﻼب ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ در اروﭘﺎ، ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮات ﻋﻤﯿﻘﯽ ﺑﺮ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺸﺮ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ و ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ی ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ را درﭘﯽ دا ﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ، ﺑﻄﻮرﯾﮑﻪ اﻣﺮوزه روﻧﺪ رو ﺑﻪ ﺗﺰاﯾﺪ ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ، ﯾﮑﯽ از وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﺷﺪه ی ﻗﺮن ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ای ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺘﯽ، ﺑﮕﻮﻧﻪ ای ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺑﻮﯾﮋه زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ اﺳﺖ. ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ روﯾﮑﺮد ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺑﻮﯾﮋه در ﺳﺎلﻫﺎی اﺧﯿﺮ ﮐﻪ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺮب اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎ، روﯾﮑﺮدﻫﺎی ﺳﻨﺘﯽ و ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ روﺷﻦ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﯾﺠﺎد اﻣﻨﯿﺖ زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ و ﺣﻔﻆ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﺮای ﻧﺴﻞ ﻫﺎی آﺗﯽ، ﺣﺎﺋﺰ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﺮای ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤ ﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ و اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﺤﯿﻄ ﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار، ﺿﺮوری اﺳﺖ.ﻫﺪف: ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﮐﺰی و ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﮐﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎی روﯾﮑﺮد ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺑﻮد. روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﺣﯿﺚ ﻧﻮع، ﻧﻈﺮی - ﮐﺎﺑﺮدی، از ﻟﺤﺎظ روش ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ - ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﯿﻮه ﺟﻤﻊ آوری اﻃﻼﻋﺎت، ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ - ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ای و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻃﯿﻒ ﻟﯿﮑﺮت ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﻮﺿﻮع روﯾﮑﺮد ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺒﺰ در ﮐﺸﻮر، ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ادﺑﯿﺎت ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ روﯾﮑﺮد ﻣﺬﮐﻮر اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻗﺪام ﺑﻪ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﺳﺎزی آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ و دادهﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد درﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﮐﺰی و ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﮐﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺷﺪ. ﻗﻠﻤﺮو ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ: ﻗﻠﻤﺮو ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﮐﺰی و ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﮐﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﻮد. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی روﯾﮑﺮد ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی دارﻧﺪ و ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 12 و 16 در ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ و ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 10 و 17 در ﺑﺪﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪای؛ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی روﯾﮑﺮد ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺒﺰ; ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﮐﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﮐﺰی، ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی دارﻧﺪ. ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 12 ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻧﺰدﯾﮑﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ 0/602868984 و ﺑﺎ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ از اﯾﺪهآل ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺗﺎ اﯾﺪه آل ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﺑﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﻧﻄﺒﺎق ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی روﯾﮑﺮد ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺒﺰ در رﺗﺒﻪ اول و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ )در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ( از ﻧﻈﺮ وﺿﻌ ﯿﺖ زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ و ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 17 ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻧﺰدﯾﮑﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ 0/311526167 و ﺑﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ از اﯾﺪه آل ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺗﺎ اﯾﺪه آل ﻣﻨﻔﯽ، ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﻧﻄﺒﺎق را ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی روﯾﮑﺮد ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺒﺰ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در رﺗﺒﻪ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ ﻗﺮار دارد. ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 15 ،19 ،20 ،11 ،16 و 10 ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در رﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎی دوم ﺗﺎ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ.

analysis of environmental performance of tehran metropolis based on indicators green city approach (case study: central and southern regions)

the appearing of the industrial revolution in europe has had profound effects on human life and has had consequences such as population growth and the phenomenon of urbanization, so that today the growing trend of urbanization is one of the defining features of the present century and as a demographic phenomenon, is complexly related to economic, social and especially environmental developments in cities. paying attention to the green city approach, especially in recent years, when the destructive consequences of patterns, traditional and different approaches to development on the urban environment have been clarified, in order to create environmental security in cities and maintain cities with minimum environmental conditions for future generations. therefore, it is necessary to create conditions for harmonization with the environment and creating a sustainable environment. research aim: the purpose of this study was to determine the environmental condition of the central and southern areas of tehran metropolis based on the indicators of the green city approach. methodology: the present study is theoretical-practical in terms of type, descriptive-analytical in terms of study method and survey-library and questionnaire based on likert scale in terms of data collection method. in this study, considering the novelty of the green city approach in the country, the criteria and indicators of the research based on the global literature governing the approach were selected and in the next stage, they were localized with the existing conditions and data about the central and southern regions of tehran. studied areas: the area under study was central and southern areas of tehran metropolis. results: the results show that the southern regions of tehran are more compatible with the indicators of the green city approach, and based on this, regions 12 and 16 are in the best and regions 10 and 17 are in the worst environmental conditions. conclusion: the results of the present study indicate that in general and as a comparison based on the indicators of the green city approach; the southern regions of the metropolis of tehran have more adaptation than the central regions. region 12 with a relative proximity index of 0/602868984 and with the lowest distance to the positive ideal and the highest distance to the negative ideal and with the most compliance with the green city approach indices, in the first place and as the most desirable region (in the study area) in terms of environmental status and region 17 with a relative proximity index of 0/31526167 and with the highest distance to the positive ideal and the minimum distance to the negative ideal, has the least compliance with the indicators of the green city approach and as the most undesirable region in terms of environmental status is ranked eighth. areas 16, 11, 20, 19, 15 and 10 are also ranked second to seventh, respectively.