بررسی تطبیقی عوامل موثر بر مشارکت شهروندان در مناطق پنجگانه شهر رشت

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﮐﻠّﯿﮥ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان در ﻓﻌّﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی اﻣﺮوزه ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﺑﻬﺮه وری ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺷﻬﺮی را ﺗﻀﻤ ﯿﻦ می ﮐﻨﺪ و می ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﯿﺖ، ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﯿ ﺖ و رﺿﺎﯾﺘﻤﻨﺪی ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان را ﺑﺮای ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺷﻬﺮی ﺑﻪ ارﻣﻐﺎن آورد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻫﻤّﯿﺖ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﮥ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ، در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﻼش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﭘﻨﺠﮕﺎﻧﮥ ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻗﺮارﮔﯿﺮد. ﻫﺪف: ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻓﺮدی و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ در ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺷﻬﺮداری اﯾﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ آن ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎی دﯾﮕﺮ و ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎی دﯾﮕﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻫﺪف ، ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﯽ آﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ - ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ آﻣﺎری ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 679995 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮای ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﮥ ﮐﻮﮐﺮان ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﻨﺞ در ﺻﺪ ﺧﻄﺎ384 ﻧﻔﺮ ازاﻓﺮاد ﺑﺎﻻی 25 ﺳﺎل ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺮای ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻫﺪاف وﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻫﺎی اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ؛ از آزﻣﻮن ﮐﻮﻟﻤﻮﮔﺮوف- اﺳﻤﯿﺮﻧﻮف ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل وﯾﺎﻏﯿﺮﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﺑﻮدن داده ﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎد ﯾﺮﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه 0/000 = sigﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﮐﻪ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ داده ﻫﺎ از ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﭘﯿﺮوی ﻧﻤﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻏﯿﺮﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﺑﻮدن ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ داده ﻫﺎ ازﯾﮑﺴﻮ وازﺳﻮی دﯾﮕﺮﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ ازآزﻣﻮن spearmanاﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻗﻠﻤﺮو ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ: ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺷﻬﺮداری آن و ﺑﺎ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ 679995 ﻧﻔﺮی اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎی اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ازﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻓﺮدی، ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 0/026 =sig و از ﺑ ﯿﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﺟﺘﻤﺎعی ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، اﻧﺴﺠﺎم اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﻦ ﺷﻬﺮو رﺿﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾ ﺖ از عوامل ﻣﺪ ﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ و ﺳﯿﺎﺳ ﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ ی ﺷﻔﺎفیت ﻓﻌّﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﺷﻬﺮی، ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﺷﻬﺮی، ﺑﺎورﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺮدم در ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺷﻬﺮی و ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺳﺎزی زﻣﯿﻨﮥ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﻣﺮدم ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﺷﻬﺮی ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 0/00 =sig ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﺟﻠﺐ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان در ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ دارای راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ از آزﻣﻮن ﻧﺎﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ ﯾ ﮏ fridman ﺟﻬﺖ رﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻨﺪی ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ و ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی ﻫﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ازﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ وﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار2/13 ﺣﺎﺋﺰ رﺗﺒﻪ اول ، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋ ﯽ 1/96 در رﺗﺒﻪ دوم و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻓﺮدی ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 1/92 در رﺗﺒﻪ ﺳﻮم ﻗﺮاردارﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوت دﯾﺪﮔﺎهﻫﺎ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﭘﻨﺠﮕﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻬﺮرﺷﺖ از آزﻣﻮن ﻧﺎﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﯾ ﮏ ﮐﺮوﺳﮑﺎل واﻟﯿﺲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداری در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ و ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ آﻧﻬﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺟﻤﻠﮕﯽ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻣﻘﺪار 0/05 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﮐﻪ ﻫﯿﭽﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداری در ﺑﯿﻦ دﯾﺪﮔﺎهﻫﺎی ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﺎن در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻧﻤﯽﮔﺮدد.

comparative assessment of factors influencing on citizens’ contribution in quintet zones of rasht

introduction: one of the most important factors in urban studies among the researchers and urban planners is the contribution in activities about the parts of urban which directly depends upon the people living in that area. in theliterature the public participation is the other expression for the topic.research aim: identifying individual and social factors affecting the participation of citizens of rasht city in the fivemunicipal districts of this city and comparing it with other examples and similar to this research in other cities.methodology: this research is observational and applied based according to its goals defined in the introduction andproblem definition part of the article. which was done through a descriptive – analytical method. the total “n”numbers of the whole frequency distributions in this research is 679995 of the entire rasht population in fivemunicipal zones both men and women. the random sample was picked based on cochran formula but withconsidering to 5 percent error and finally it reached about 384 samples.studied areas: the city of rasht with its five municipal districts and its population of 679,995 people.results: the result of the test is divided into two parts: descriptive and inferential. the descriptive result of the testshows that 74 percent of responders are men in the age between 45 to 54 and in the education level of b.a. theinferential result of the test shows that the variable age with the sig= 0.128 and the marriage with the sig= 0.623 arethe highest point but the people trust to officials with the sig= 0.095 is the lowest point of these tests.conclusion: for the last sentence, as a result, one can imply that citizens interest to contribute in urban activities ifthe conditions meet the needs and city officials must pay more attentions seriously to the issue. however, plannersmust also manage the expectations of citizens. it is necessary to design an exit strategy that ensures citizens continuesolving their problems once their capabilities have been developed.