مطالعه موردی موانع عدالت اجتماعی در قرآن (مبتنی بر نظریه زمینه ای)

ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ، ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪی اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻣﺪاوم درﻫﻤﮥ ﻋﺮﺻﻪﻫﺎی زﻧﺪﮔﯽ، اﻋﻢ از ﻣﺎدی و ﻣﻌﻨﻮی، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪه ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰان ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﺤﻘّﻖ آن ﺑﯿﻨﺪﯾﺸﻨﺪ. از آﻧﺠﺎ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺒﻮر ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ از ﻣﺴﯿﺮ عدالت اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﮔﺮﯾﺰﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮاﺳﺖ؛ ﻫﻤﮥ ﻣﮑﺎﺗﺐ، اﺳﺎس ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺮای رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ رﯾﺰی ﮐﺮده و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ و ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ زداﯾﺶ آن را در دﺳﺘﻮر ﮐﺎر ﺧﻮد ﻗﺮار داده اﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﻼش ﺷﺪه ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻈﺮﯾﮥ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ای، ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از روش ﻫﺎی ﮐﯿﻔﯽ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ورزی در ﻗﺮآن ﮐﺮﯾﻢ، ﺻﻮرت ﮔﯿﺮد و ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ دﻫﺪ.ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﺗﺤﻘّﻖ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﻗﺮآن ﭼﯿﺴﺖ؟ در ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ، ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮی از روش ﻫﺎی ﻧﻮﯾﻦ داده ﭘﺮدازی در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻗﺮآﻧﯽ و ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮐﺸﻒ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﺎت و دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﻫﺎ در ﻋﺮﺻﮥ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ورزی، ﺑﻪ دو ﻣﻘﻮﻟﮥ ﻣﺤﻮری دﺳﺖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻘﻮﻟﮥ اوّل: روﺣﯿﮥ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﮔﺮﯾﺰی؛ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻨﯽ از اﻧﻮاع آﻓﺎت ﻓﮑﺮی و اﺧﻼﻗﯽِ ﻓﺮدی و ﺟﻤﻌﯽ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ و در ذﯾﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﺗﺠﺎوزﮔﺮی، ﺗﺮک ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﺳﺮﻗﺖ، اﻓﺰونﺧﻮاﻫﯽ و داوری ﻧﺎﻋﺎدﻻﻧﻪ ، ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ورزی را ﺗﻮﺿﯿﺢ داده اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻘﻮﻟﮥ دوّم: ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺳﺘﻢ؛ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺎ اﺣﺼﺎء ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﮔﻤﺮاﻫﯽ، ﺗﻔﺮﻗﻪاﻓﮑﻨﯽ، اﺷﺎﻋﻪ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎریﻫﺎ و دوﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻔﺎر ﻣﺤﺎرب، اﯾﻦ دﺳﺘﻪ از ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ را ﺗﻮﺿﯿﺢ داده اﺳﺖ اﯾﻦ دو ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ در ﯾﮏ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﻪ و در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و اﻟﮕﻮی ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺗﺮﺳﯿﻢ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ .

a case study of barriers to social justice in the qur’an (based on grounded theory)

progress is a process that leads to continuous improvement in all areas of life, bothmaterial and spiritual, social and political. this has made the planners think about howto achieve it. since it is inevitable for progress to pass through the path of social justice,all schools have established their foundation to achieve justice and have put theexamination of obstacles and how to remove them on their agenda. in this article, anattempt has been made to study the obstacles to justice in the holy qur’an by using thegrounded theory method as one of the qualitative methods. it answers the question,“what are the obstacles to achieving social justice from the perspective of the quran?”in the process of answering the question, by using modern methods of data processingin qur’anic studies and in order to discover ideas and perspectives in the field ofobstacles to justice, two central categories have been achieved. in the first category, i.e.the spirit of avoiding justice, it explained the types of individual and collectiveintellectual and moral disasters and explained the obstacles to justice under thefollowing concepts: aggression, abandonment of social support, theft, extravagance andunfair judgment. in the second category, i.e., the culture of oppression, by enumeratingthe concepts of misguidance, divisiveness, the spread of anomalies and friendship withthe infidels of war, this group of obstacles is explained and analyzed in a continuousinteraction and in connection with each other, and then the model of obstacles to therealization of justice is drawn.