Catheter ablation of atrial arrhythmias in a patient with surgically corrected congenital heart disease and inferior vena cava interruption

A 15. year old girl who underwent surgical correction of ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus ligation in childhood presented with atrial tachycardia of crista terminalis origin and counterclockwise atrial flutter. she also had associated interruption of inferior vena cava which continued as azygous vein and left superior vena cava which drained via coronary sinus into the right atrium. she underwent radiofrequency ablation of both the tachycardias via internal jugular vein and azygous vein approach using 3d electroanatomical mapping system. © 2014 the authors.