ابوالحسن خرقانی و آیین جوانمردی

Parvane orujnia assistant professor, department of mysticism, encyclopedia islamica foundation,tehran, iran#ayy?re is a very old persian cult that closely linked to the middle class people in iran. some of the #ayy?r?n, under the impact of ascetics (z?hid?n) from various sects and religions, including islam, developed #ayy?ri into jav?nmarde (or futowwa). afterward, there was a mutual impact between sufism which spread in iran in 4th and 5th ah and jav?nmardi. sheikh abul-hassan kharaq?ni, who apparently was close to jav?nmardi, became familiar with tasawwuf, and later on, he was considered as a member of sufi orders by sufi authorities. in the present article, after a brief introductory description of jav?nmardi, kharaq?ni's sayings in the works attributed to him is studied as well as the reports of sufi sources about him. then the relationship between kharaq?ni and jav?nmardi is discussed along with a debate about what he understands from javanmardi. finally, the article tries to conclude whether kharaq?ni should be seen as a religious mystic among jav?nmard?n or as a mystic among sufis.keywords: kharai?ni, tasawwuf, #ayy?re, jav?nmarde / futowwa.