پیشران‌های کلیدی و موثر گردشگری اجتماعی در توسعه و بهبود رفاه اجتماعی گروه‌های محروم

گردشگری اجتماعی یکی از اقسام مهم گردشگری است که مورد توجه بسیاری از جوامع است. این نوع گردشگری، حوزه‌ای است که در آن افرادِ غیربرخوردار و فقیر می‌توانند این امکان را داشته باشند که تعطیلات و اوقات فراغت خود را با سطح قیمتی قابل دسترس برای خود داشته باشند. این مقوله می‌تواند تاثیر ویژه‌ای در توسعه و بهبود رفاه اجتماعی گروه‌های محروم داشته باشد. هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر، شناسایی و تبیین پیشران‌های کلیدی و موثر گردشگری اجتماعی در توسعه و بهبود رفاه اجتماعی گروه‌های محروم است که با محوریت شهرستان‌های استان اردبیل صورت می‌پذیرد. روش تحقیق ترکیبی است که با استفاده از رویکرد متوالی اکتشافی به بررسی موضوع می‌پردازد. در این تحقیق، به ترتیب از دو روش تحلیل مضمون و برنامه‌ریزی سناریو استفاده شده است. ابزار اصلی مورد استفاده در فاز کیفی، مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته و در فاز کمّی، پرسشنامه است که به ترتیب از 8 نفر از خبرگان در فاز کیفی و 11 نفر هم در فاز کمّی اطلاعات و داده‌های مربوطه استخراج شدند. مطابق با یافته‌های تحقیق، در فاز کیفی، 57 مضمون اساسی، 23 مضمون سازمان‌دهنده، 4 مضمون فراگیر شناسایی و استخراج شدند و جهت تبیین و شناسایی پیشران‌های کلیدی و موثر، به مرحله بعدی راه پیدا کردند. مطابق با نتایج حاصله، پیشران‌های کلیدی و موثر گردشگری اجتماعی می‌توانند به‌عنوان عوامل و تبیین‌کنندگان اصلی توسعه و بهبود رفاه اجتماعی گروه های محروم باشند که به تعبیری، در قبال ارتقای توانمندی این قشر محروم، کاربرد داشته باشد.

key and effective drivers of social tourism in the development and improvement of social welfare of disadvantaged groups

1. introduction tourism is considered as one of the most important potential’s in the development of community welfare, which is considered important and essential in the form of recreational and leisure activities for strata. there are various types of tourism, one of the most important and main types of which is social tourism. social tourism is a subject field where disadvantaged and poor people can have the opportunity to take holidays and leisure at an accessible price level. in recent years, a range of studies have reported positive social welfare outcomes associated with the social tourism category. including: increase in level of social interaction and social happiness, life satisfaction, health, etc. therefore, this category represents a fundamental and very important necessity that can be considered in identifying and explaining the key factors and drivers that are fruitful in this field. therefore, the main purpose of the present study is to identify and explain the key and effective drivers of social tourism in the development and improvement of social welfare of disadvantaged groups, which is carried out with a focus on the counties of ardabil province.research question(s)what are the key and effective drivers of social tourism in developing and improving the social welfare of disadvantaged groups in the counties of ardabil province? 2.literature reviewsocial tourism is one of the most important types of tourism that is very effective in supporting the disadvantaged. tourism is complemented by related activities by labor groups, non-profit associations, cooperatives, and labor unions. there are many definitions of the concept of social tourism. one of the important definitions in this context is: all activities, relationships, and phenomena in the field of tourism that aim to support disadvantaged and poor people groups to participate in tourism. social welfare is the most important part of the concept of sustainable development, which enables meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. social welfare includes an organized set of laws, regulations, and policies that are presented in the form of welfare and social institutions in order to meet the spiritual and material needs of people and ensure human happiness. social tourism is a community-oriented tourism that actually supports the weak and deprived segments of society and can bring them social and economic welfare.3.methodologythe purpose of this study is applied and the research method used in it is mixed. the approach of the mixed research is sequential exploratory strategy so that first the qualitative information and then the quantitative data are collected and analyzed. in this study, in first phase of qualitative thematic analysis method and in the second phase, quantitative scenario planning method has been used. in the first phase, the relevant codes were obtained by means of semi-structured interviews and the codes were converted by thematic analysis in the form of basic themes, organizing and global and in the second phase, quantitative scenario planning is used. these themes were classified and characterized using the attride-stirling (2001) approach. in the second phase, by using a questionnaire containing weighted contents were sent to experts.4.resultsin the first phase, the thematic analysis method which was conducted online, comprehensive, organizing and basic contents were extracted. according to the attride-stirling(2001) approach were classified into basic themes, organized and global. in this study, 126 indicators were identified by semi-structured interviews that by adopting induction approach in the form of the above six stages, among them 57 basic themes, 23 organizing themes and 4 global themes were extracted. in the quantitative phase, the influence of each of the factors was studied that among these factors (themes), the factor of monetary and financial programs and supports has the most impact.5.discussion according to the findings, the importance of factors in the impact are infrastructure and services factors, management and planning factors, economic factors, socio-cultural factors; and in the impact are: infrastructure and services factors, economic factors, socio-cultural factors, management and planning factors. it should be noted that the variables of infrastructure and service factors, while having a very high impact, are also highly influenced. 6. conclusion a key and effective component of social tourism can be as the main factors and major driver of development and improvement of social welfare of disadvantaged groups that can be used to improve the ability of the disadvantaged in the counties of ardabil province. instead of focusing on tools, these experts emphasize the goals of improving and developing the social welfare of disadvantaged groups, which can be considered as the most important dimensions of human development, feelings of social importance, living standards and dignity. therefore, micro and macro policy making must be implemented, and it is hoped that by considering and implementing this important issue, these groups will be able to create effective communication and interaction aspects in their lives and consider themselves as meaningful members of society.