ارائه مدل اثر هویت ورزشی و شبکه حمایت اجتماعی بر کناره گیری از فوتبال حرفه ای در ایران

ﻧﻮع وﯾﮋه ای از اﻧﺘﻘﺎل، ﮐﻨﺎرهﮔﯿﺮی از ورزش ﻗﻬﺮﻣﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ورزﺷﯽ و ﺷﺒﮑﮥ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﻨﺎرهﮔﯿﺮی از ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎل ﺣﺮﻓﻪای در اﯾﺮان و اراﺋﮥ ﻣﺪﻟﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ آﻣﺎری ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎﻟﯿﺴﺖﻫﺎی ﺣﺮﻓﻪای ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎل از زﻣﺎن ﮐﻨﺎرهﮔﯿﺮی آﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﮕﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، اﺳﺖ. 384 ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎﻟﯿﺴﺖ ﮐﻨﺎرهﮔﯿﺮیﮐﺮده ﻧﻤﻮﻧﮥ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ را ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ دادﻧﺪ. از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﮥ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ورزﺷﯽ، ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﮐﻨﺎرهﮔﯿﺮی از ورزش ﺣﺮﻓﻪای ﺳﯿﺴﮏ ( 2003) ﺑﺮای ﺟﻤﻊآوری دادهﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن ﻣﺪل ﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻓﺮدی راﺑﻄﮥ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد 0/21 دارد. اﻣﺎ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت رواﻧﯽ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ای راﺑﻄﮥ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﺪارد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن ﻣﺪلﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ی ﻧ ﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺷﺒﮑﮥ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻓﺮدی راﺑﻄﮥ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﺪارد. اﻣﺎ ﺷﺒﮑﮥ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت رواﻧﯽ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ا ﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد 0/25 و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻣ ﺸﮑﻼت ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ای ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ا ﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد 0/21 راﺑﻄﮥ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار دارد. ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﯾﺴﺖ ﺑﺮای ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻓﺮدی، ﺣﺮﻓﻪای و رواﻧﯽ- اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎﻟﯿﺴﺖﻫﺎی ﮐﻨﺎرهﮔﯿﺮیﮐﺮده از ورزش دو ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺒﮑﮥ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ورزﺷﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

The Model of the effect athletic identity and social support network with problems of retirement from professional soccer in Iran

A special type of transfer, withdrew from the event. The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between identity and social support network team to retire from professional football’s problems and provide a suitable model in this field. Population was professional players who hold more than five years from the date of their retirement.384 football players formed the final sample. Retiring from professional sports questionnaire Ceicic (2003) was used for data collection. Structural equation modeling results indicated that athletic identity with personal problems had significant positive correlation with the standard ratio is (0.21). But athletic identity with, social and professional problems showed no significant relationship. Structural equation modeling results indicated that social support network and no significant direct relationship with individual problems. However, the social network has a significant relationship with psychological, social and standard problems (0.25), as well as with professional problems with standard coefficient (0.21). In general, in order to reduce the personal, professional and psychosocial problems of footballers, two players of the social support network and sports identity should be considered.