تاثیر رژیم‌های ارزی بر درجه عبور نرخ ارز بر شاخص قیمت واردات کالاهای ورزشی ایران و شرکای تجاری

نقش و اهمیت تجارت خارجی در فرآیند توسعه همواره مورد توجه اقتصاددانان بوده است. واردات یکی از بخش‌های کلیدی تجارت بین‌الملل می‌باشد. آمار مربوط به متغیرهای توضیحی تحقیق از سایت آنکتات، صندوق بین‌المللی پول، سازمان تجارت جهانی و بانک جهانی داده گردآوری شد. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزار ایویوز 9 استفاده شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که رابطه مثبت و معناداری بین نرخ ارز و شاخص قیمت کالاهای وارداتی ورزشی در ایران وجود دارد و درجه عبور نرخ ارز بر شاخص قیمت کالاهای واردات ورزشی ایران و شرکاء تجاری ناقص است. همچنین نتایج نشان می‌دهند نظام ارزی ثابت اثر مثبت و معنادار بر شاخص قیمت واردات کالاهای ورزشی دارد. به طوری که درجه عبور نرخ ارز بر شاخص قیمت واردات کالاهای ورزشی در نظام ارزی ثابت برابر با 0.43و نظام ارزی شناور معادل 0.41 بوده است. همچنین متغیرهای تولید ناخالص داخلی، هزینه نهایی شرکای تجاری و باز بودن تجاری اثر مثبت و معناداری بر شاخص قیمت واردات کالاهای ورزشی دارند. رژیم ارزی ثابت سبب شده است درجه عبور نرخ ارز بر قیمت واردات کالاهای ورزشی بیشتر شود. لذا توصیه می‌شود با اتخاذ رژیم ارزی شناور از شدت درجه عبور نرخ ارز کاسته شود.

The effect of exchange rate regimes on the rate of exchange rate passage on the index of prices of imports of sports goods of Iran and business partners

Aim: The exchange rate is one of the most important factors in determining the domestic price of imported goods. Iran’s economy has always been affected by the exchange rate fluctuations, and thus the industry of sports goods, which is one of the most important cultural, social and welfare industries, is not excluded. The role and importance of foreign trade in the development process has always been an issue for economists. Import is one of the key sectors of international trade. Methodology:The present research is a theoretical and applied research and is descriptiveanalytic in terms of its method. The method of collecting statistics and information in this study is documentary and library. To determine the number of statistical population of the present study, at first, the share of goods in the 66 countries (according to the current statistics of Iran) was calculated for the period of 5 years (13891389). Then, based on the average trade share, the first 20 first countries The share of sport imports into Iran was selected as the sample, respectively, with the share of sporting imports: China 21.2, United Arab Emirates 0.44, Turkey 0.36, Germany 12.0, Japan 11/0 , Indonesian 109/0, Italy 107/0, Bulgaria 0.046, France 045/0, Austria 035/0, Korea 024/0, Hong Kong 02/0, Switzerland 01/0, Netherlands 01/0, Spain 008 / 0, India 007/0, Slovakia 006/0, Czech Republic 005/0, Singapore 0054/0 and England 0046/0 Explanatory variables of the research were collected from the Anctat website, the IMF, the World Trade Organization and the World Bank. For data analysis, the Eviews 9 software was used. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the exchange rate and the price index of imported sports goods in Iran, and the rate of exchange rate on the index of prices of sports goods of Iran and commercial partners is incomplete. Results: The results also show that the fixed currency system has a positive and significant effect on the price index of imports of sporting goods. So that the rate of exchange rate exchange on the index of prices of imports of sporting goods in the fixed currency system was 0.43 and the floating exchange system was 0.41. Also, GDP, final cost of business partners and commercial openness have a positive and significant effect on the price index of imports of sporting goods. Conclusion: The fixed currency regime has increased the rate of exchange rate on the price of import of sporting goods. Therefore, it is recommended that the floating exchange rate regime be reduced by the degree of passage of the exchange rate.Since the degree of openness of the economy has had a positive and significant impact on the price index of imported sports goods, it is suggested that the country’s economic policy makers move towards a resistance economy and the replacement of domestic commodities rather than foreign goods while increasing their trade volume and trade With trading partner countries, sporting goods in transitional work will help change the exchange rate on the price of imports of sporting goods. In other words, if the goal of the country’s policy makers is to support the domestic products of sporting goods, it would be better to increase the import volume by increasing the volume of trade (the degree of openness), so that the demand for imported sports goods decreases and demand for indoor sports goods will increase. Also, in central bank policy, the exchange rate should be considered for sports goods if it is aimed at supporting domestic producers of sporting goods.