فرایند بومی‏ سازی شاخص ‏های تعاملات بین ‏المللی در توسعۀ اقتصادی ایران

اگرچه توسعهْ ابعاد گسترده‌ اجتماعی، سیاسی، اقتصادی، انسانی، و اکولوژیکی را دربر می‏ گیرد، توسعه‌ اقتصادی با اثرگذاری و اثرپذیری بر/ از سایر ابعاد توسعه به جایگاه ویژه ‏ای در سیاست‏گذاری ارتقا یافته و با توجه به تحولات و پویایی ‏های نظام بین‏ الملل در عصر فناوری‏ های نوین اطلاعاتی و ارتباطی و به ‏ویژه جهانی ‏شدن باور به نقش تعاملات بین ‏المللی در تحقق اهداف توسعه‌ اقتصادی تقویت شده است. ازاین‏ روی، بررسی بومی ‏سازی شاخص‏ های تعاملات بین‏ المللی در توسعۀ اقتصادی می ‏تواند نقش موثری در تحقق اهداف توسعه‌ اقتصادی کشور ایفا کند. بدین ترتیب، سوال اصلی این مقاله از دو بخش تشکیل شده است: کدام شاخص ‏ها تبیین‏ کننده‌ توسعه‌ اقتصادی و تعاملات بین ‏المللی در کشورهاست و فرایند تاثیرگذاری شاخص ‏های تعاملات بین ‏المللی بر توسعه‌ اقتصادی چگونه است؟ برای پاسخ ‏دهی علمی به پرسش راهبردی این مقاله ابتدا جمع ‏آوری داده ‏های ثانویه و تعیین عناصر توسعه‌ اقتصادی و تعاملات بین ‏المللی، به ‏عنوان متغیر وابسته و مستقل، از طریق مطالعات اسنادی، کتابخانه‏ ای، واکاوی تجربیات سایر کشورها و تنظیم جداول فراوانی شاخص ‏ها انجام شد و در مرحله‌ بعد برای آزمون راستی و پایایی داده ‏ها داده‏ های اولیه (توزیع پرسش‏نامه میان نخبگان و صاحب‏نظران جامعه‌ نمونه) جمع ‏آوری شد. برای تجزیه ‏وتحلیل یافته‏ های مرتبط با پرسش‏نامه ‏ها و آزمون اثرگذاری تعاملات بین ‏المللی بر توسعه‌ اقتصادی، از شیوه‌ تحلیل محتوای کمی و کیفی و تحلیل مسیر استفاده شد. بنا بر یافته ‏های این پژوهش، متغیر توسعه‌ اقتصادی با متغیر تعاملات بین ‏المللی رابطه‌ مستقیم برقرار می‏ کند و نحوه‌ بومی‏ سازی و مدیریت تعاملات با بازیگران نظام بین ‏الملل می ‏تواند نتایج ثمربخشی در توسعه‌ اقتصادی کشور به همراه داشته باشد.

localization procedure of international interaction’s indicators in economic development

although the development consists of wide-ranging dimensions of social, political, economic, humanitarian and ecological; economic development has been placed in a higher position in politics and policy making. considering the international dynamic development in era of new information and technology and most importantly globalization, the role of international interactions and management of such relations have been strongly increased in order to pursue the realization of the goals of economic development. therefore, the process of localization of indicators of international economic interactions in economic development can play an effective role in realization of goals of economic development in islamic republic of iran. thus, the main question of this article consists of two key parts. firstly, what are the indicators of international interactions and economic development? and secondly, how is the effectual process of the indicators of international interactions on economic development? methodology in order to provide scientific answer to main questions raised above, this article began with searching through library and documentary texts to find facts and data related with indicators of international interaction and economic development as well as investigating most effective economic factors affecting interactions among different countries in the world. to combine library data with experimental data, the article investigated experiences of some successful developing countries and collected information and evidence of their success in terms of economic development. after grouping all secondary data, extracted through library and documentary studies, and drawing a table of frequency, it moved to the second phase of preparing a questionnaire based on more frequently focused data and indicator which was then distributed among the intellectuals of the chosen society of this study.the questionnaire was distributed among 42 intellectuals and researchers active in different areas related to international relations, policy making, economic development, and foreign relations including experts of organization for trade development, ministry of foreign affairs, international chamber of commerce, and university professors. as the result, we could successfully collect the indicators of economic development as well as international interactions known as dependent and independent factors. results and discussionas per our studies, indicators of international indicators consist of four main indicators as follows:interactions with regional and international countries; interactions with state-owned regional and international institutions such as international monetary fund (imf), the united nations conference on trade and development (unctad), world trade organization (wto), world bank (wb), …; interactions with non-governmental actors such as multinational or transnational companies; establishing regional and international treaties and actively participating such treaties and agreements.within our studies, we also encountered with popular economic indicators which are mainly affecting the international interactions, grouped as follows: - economic stability and openness; trade liberalization; open doors policy; removal of tariffs; extrovert approach to the international trade, stable macro-economic plans, providing a healthy and reliable environment for competition among commercial private actors and investors, reform enforcement in economic infrastructures, prohibition of economic competition among political parties, - attracting foreign investment (directly, i.e. allowing investors ownership when participating in an investment or economic activities and indirectly; such as purchase of securities) which needs infrastructural reforms and improvement of the political and economic basis in order to set stability of the regulatory rules