تحلیل شاخص‌های کیفیت زندگی در محلات شهری (مطالعۀ موردی: شهر کوهبنان)

کیفیت زندگی شهری یکی از مهم‏ترین حوزه‏های مطالعات شهری در کشورهای مختلف از جمله در ایران است. این مهم به دلیل اهمیت روزافزون مطالعات کیفیت زندگی در پایش سیاست‏های عمومی و نقش آن همچون ابزاری کارآمد در مدیریت و برنامه‏ریزی شهری است. بر این اساس، هدف از این پژوهشتحلیل چگونگی شاخص‏های کیفیت زندگی محلات شهر کوهبنان در چارچوب روش توصیفی تحلیلی است. مفهوم کیفیت زندگی در 4 بُعد، 8 مولفه، و 29 شاخص تعریف عملیاتی شد. داده‏های مورد نیاز به روش میدانی و با استفاده از پرسشنام» خانوار گردآوری شد. حجم نمونه به روش کوکران و برابر با 377 خانوار تعیین شد و نمونه‏گیری به روش تصادفی‏ سیستماتیک انجام گرفت. تحلیل داده‏ها نیز با استفاده از آمار توصیفی، مدل anp، مدل همپوشانی فازی، تحلیل واریانس یک‏طرفه، و روش tاستودنت انجام شد. مطابق نتایج، که بیانگر وجود تفاوت در کیفیت زندگی محلات شهر کوهبنان و محرومیت محله دهمیر است، این محله باید در اولویت رسیدگی و برنامه‏ریزی قرار گیرد. در این زمینه قراردادن متغیرهای سن و درآمد در کانون توجه با توجه به وجود ارتباط مستقیم و معنادار آن با کیفیت زندگی ضروری است. به‏علاوه، با توجه به اینکه عوامل میزان درآمد، دسترسی به امکانات بهداشتی، و فرصت‏های شغلی ‏‏در بین سایر عوامل بررسی‏شده تاثیر بیشتری در کیفیت زندگی شهر کوهبنان داشته‏اند، لازم است این عوامل نیز در اولویت رسیدگی و برنامه‏ریزی قرار گیرند. ‏نتیجه اینکه در شناخت و بهبود کیفیت زندگی لازم است شرایط محلی، اجتماعی، و محیطی هر شهر ‏به‏خوبی مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

Analyzing the Quality of Life Indicators in Urban neighborhoods Case Study: Koh‎Banan City

Analyzing the Quality of Life Indicators in Urban neighborhoodsCase Study: Koh‎Banan CityExtended AbstractIntroductionCities were quickly developed after the industrial revolution. As the population increased, ‎various ‎socioeconomic problems also increased in the cities. these problems in return ‎caused dangerous ‎effects not only on environment but also on soul and body of inhabitants. ‎In response to these ‎problems and crisis, new concepts and procedures were suggested for ‎future developments. Some ‎of these concepts are: sustainable development, bio‎environmental justice, new urbanism and more ‎recently intelligent growth. Also, in ‎recent years, serious attention to the sustainable development ‎of city officials and urban ‎planners at different levels of social, economic and cultural, tangible ‎aspects of urban life ‎and lower levels (neighborhood) has attracted. So, the attention to the ‎importance of ‎sustainable development neighborhood is very important. Therefore, ‎understanding ‎and analyzing of sustainability of cities and their inside differences including‎ KuhBānan city, is ‎necessary for sustainable development. ‎ ‎‎ After the rapid population growth in the Iranian cities, these cities have experienced great ‎changes. The rapid growth of urbanization in recent decades and neglect of the qualitative aspects ‎of human life have had adverse consequences on the individual and social health of cities. The ‎concept of quality of life was provided by Remington Bauer for the concept of quality of life in the ‎late 20th century. Quality of life is generally recognized as satisfying life, happiness and ‎prosperity, wellbeing and comfort, and reflects the level of expectation of human needs. The ‎purpose of the concept of urban quality of life is to achieve urban development, especially ‎sustainable development, to achieve prosperity and appropriate use of facilities. Quality of life has ‎different meanings for individuals and groups. Some have interpreted it as an area’s viability, ‎others have been interpreted as measures for the level of attractiveness, and some as general ‎welfare, social welfare, happiness, satisfaction, etc. Kowastanza et al. (2007) define quality of life ‎as the level of human needs in relation to the perceptions of individuals and groups of mental well‎being. Das (2008) defines the quality of life as a wellbeing or a poor state of the people and their ‎living environment.‎‎ So, the purpose of this study is analyzing the quality of life indicators of Kohbanan city based ‎on a descriptiveanalytical research, which has been studied social, economic, physical and ‎environmental indicators in different districts of the city.‎MethodologyThe present study is a descriptiveanalytical casebased documentaryfield study. In the main part ‎of the study, a survey method has been used on Kohbanan city‎. Kohbanan city have three ‎neighborhoods, includes: Ansar, Dameer and Taleghani neighborhoods. The sample size was ‎determined by the Cochran method and equated to 377 households. Hence, using the appropriate ‎allocation of the population (households) of each neighborhood, the questionnaire was distributed ‎among households as well. In this research, we use the ANP and Fuzzy logic and Ttest method. ‎Then, based on the theoretical foundations of the research, the concept of quality of life was ‎defined and operationalized in 4 dimensions, 8 components and 29 indicators. ArcGIS, ANP and ‎fuzzy logic have been used to analyze the spatial distribution of quality of life in neighborhoods.‎Results and ConclusionThe results of the analysis of the questionnaires and the output of the models used indicate that the ‎Ansar neighborhood with a total area of 301021 square meters and a normal weight of 0.426 is ‎more than other areas of KohBanan. This suggests that in the Ansar neighborhood quality of life ‎is at a higher level. Consequently, citizens have been satisfied with the quality of life and their ‎efficiency. Also, Taleghani neighborhood with an area of 133029 square meters and a normal ‎weight of 0.339 is moderate in terms of quality of life indicators, and satisfaction in Dameer ‎neighborhood with a coefficient of 0.233 is lower than standard, and in fact their residents have ‎lower quality of life Who need more service and welfare. The ttest student method has also been ‎used to analyze the influence the quality of life indicators on the KohBanan neighborhoods. ‎Among the indicators used, the index of income in the economic dimension, with an average of ‎‎3.83, has been ranked first. The second is allocated to The social dimension related to the access ‎to health facilities with average 3.23. the lowest is the satisfaction of the waste disposal system ‎and the waste collection system with an average of 0.775 which shows the greatest impact on the ‎quality of life. So, by strengthening the index of waste disposal systems and waste collection, we ‎can influence to improve the quality of life in the city KuhBanan increase.‎ConclusionAccording to the results of the dissatisfaction of residents in the two urban neighborhoods (Ansar ‎and Dmitry) KuhBanan, urban neighborhoods in terms of quality of life and their degree of ‎satisfaction can be seen as a kind of classification and disparity, and this issue is necessary for the ‎proper organization and satisfaction of citizens to redefine the quality of life with a fair approach ‎from the receiving institutions. ‎‎ The results showed that there is Inequality and differences between various areas of ‎ Kuh‎Banan city. So, reduction of these inequalities ‎‎(in social, economic, environmental and physical ‎aspects) is necessary for actual ‎sustainability of Boushehr city. Finally, in order to improve the ‎quality of life in the city, it is suggested that the fair distribution of service as well as the ‎development of health and medical facilities be in the center of planning. In this relation, we must ‎prioritize the area and indexes that have lowest level of ‎sustainability. Also, it is necessary ‎to ‎select reliable indexes for specific cities, because the assessment of sustainability is ‎depended ‎on selected indexes seriously.‎Keywords: quality of life, Urbun neighborhoods, KuhBanan city, ‎