شناسایی و طبقه بندی مولفه های تاب‌آوری اجتماعی و اقتصادی در سکونتگاه های غیررسمی (مطالعۀ موردی: ناحیه 6 منطقه 4 شهرداری تهران با تمرکز محله خاک سفید)

عمدتاً شهرها و سکونتگاه‏ها در مکان‏های در معرض وقوع انواع سوانح و مخاطرات طبیعی ایجاد شده‏اند و نگاه مدیران و برنامه‏ریزان شهری نگاه مقابله‏ای و کاهش مخاطرات بوده است. پژوهش حاضر به دنبال شناسایی و طبقه‏بندی مولفه‏های تاب‏آوری در سکونتگاه غیررسمی در سطح محله خاک‏سفید است. این پژوهش در گروه تحقیقات کاربردی قرار دارد. برای جمع‏‏آوری اطلاعات از روش کتابخانه‏ای و میدانی استفاده شد. معیارها و عوامل موثر بر تاب‏آوری با مرور منابع تهیه ‏شد و برای تهیه فهرست نهایی معیارها و اولویت‏بندی آن‏ها از پرسش‏نامه استفاده شد. پس از تکمیل پرسش‏نامه‏‏ها توسط 20 نفر از کارشناسان متخصص، معیارها با روش fanp وزن داده شد. پوشش زمین استخراج‏شده ازروی تصاویرماهوارهای لندستسال 2017، در نرم‏افزار envi 4.8 طبقه‏بندی شد. سپس، لایه‏های طبقه‏بندی‏شده در محیط idrisi فازی و در arc map روی هم گذاری شد. با تاثیر وزن هرکدام ازمعیارهای موثردرمیزان تاب‏‏آوری لایه‏‏ها وترکیب نقشه‏‏ها، میزان تاب‏‏آوری مشخص شد و بر اساس مدل topsis منطقه مورد مطالعه با توجه به میزان تاب‏آوری رتبه‏بندی شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‏‏دهدتاب‏‏آوری محله خاک‏سفید و بافت‏های اسکان غیررسمی در برابر بحران‏های محیطی در سطح ضعیفی است. وقتی وضعیت فضایی هر یک از شاخص‏های تاب‏‏آوری را در سطح محله بررسی می‏‏‏کنیم شاهد شرایط متفاوت تاب‏‏آوری آن‏ها هستیم که معلول وضعیت متفاوت در ویژگی ‏های کالبدی، اجتماعی، و اقتصادی است.

Identification and Classification of SocioEconomic Resilience Criteria in Informal Settlements (Case Study: District 6 of region 4, Tehran Municipality, Focusing on Khak Sefid Neighborhood)

IntroductionMostly cities and settlements have been created in places exposed to all kinds of natural disasters and hazards, and managers and urban planners have been confrontational and reducing hazards. In recent years, a new concept has been introduced in the face of unknowns and uncertainties called resilience. Knowledge of resilience and resiliency status is particularly important. Resilience can be introduced as a concept of disruption, surprise and change. There are two types of disaster management strategies: Predictive and Resilience strategies, one for dealing with problems, and the second for dealing with unknown problems. The neighborhood is white soil.MethodologyThe research method is descriptiveanalytical and applied. To compare the indices, a questionnaire was prepared by 20 faculty members and experts in environmental planning, urban planning, rural planning and urban planning (in decision making and ranking techniques according to the researcher’s opinion). And the nature of the topic and the range of experts and experts in the field are chosen, as well as the number of samples considered to reach a theoretical saturation, ie the greater the number of matched answers, the more weighted the criteria were by FANP. The weight of each of these criteria is influenced by the degree of resilience in the layers and The maps were combined to determine the resiliency.Results and discussionAccording to the findings of the study, the informal settlement area under study is not in a good condition in terms of resiliency, indicating high vulnerability of this tissue to natural disasters and hazards. Survey of spatial resilience status shows that resilience rates in each of the indices are different at different levels of the neighborhood and do not have a uniform trend. Areas of low resilience have the most socially disadvantaged, are less valuable in land prices, and more economically vulnerable, the poorest, and the most vulnerable. They have room.ConclusionIn general, the result of this study was that the resilience of white soil neighborhood and informal settlement textures to environmental crises is poor. When examining the spatial status of each of the resilience indices at the neighborhood level, we find different resilience conditions that result in different status in the physical, social, and economic characteristics, so it can be deduced that different resilience indices have different effects. On the resilience rate of the white soil neighborhood and with changes in the status of these indices at different levels of the neighborhood has also changed the resilience statusIntroductionMostly cities and settlements have been created in places exposed to all kinds of natural disasters and hazards, and managers and urban planners have been confrontational and reducing hazards. In recent years, a new concept has been introduced in the face of unknowns and uncertainties called resilience. Knowledge of resilience and resiliency status is particularly important. Resilience can be introduced as a concept of disruption, surprise and change. There are two types of disaster management strategies: Predictive and Resilience strategies, one for dealing with problems, and the second for dealing with unknown problems. The neighborhood is white soil.MethodologyThe research method is descriptiveanalytical and applied. To compare the indices, a questionnaire was prepared by 20 faculty members and experts in environmental planning, urban planning, rural planning and urban planning (in decision making and ranking techniques according to the researcher’s opinion). And the nature of the topic and the range of experts and experts in the field are chosen, as well as the number of samples considered to reach a theoretical saturation, ie the greater the number of matched answers, the more weighted the criteria were by FANP. The weight of each of these criteria is influenced by the degree of resilience in the layers and The maps were combined to determine the resiliency.Results and discussionAccording to the findings of the study, the informal settlement area under study is not in a good condition in terms of resiliency, indicating high vulnerability of this tissue to natural disasters and hazards. Survey of spatial resilience status shows that resilience rates in each of the indices are different at different levels of the neighborhood and do not have a uniform trend. Areas of low resilience have the most socially disadvantaged, are less valuable in land prices, and more economically vulnerable, the poorest, and the most vulnerable. They have room.ConclusionIn general, the result of this study was that the resilience of white soil neighborhood and informal settlement textures to environmental crises is poor. When examining the spatial status of each of the resilience indices at the neighborhood level, we find different resilience conditions that result in different status in the physical, social, and economic characteristics, so it can be deduced that different resilience indices have different effects. On the resilience rate of the white soil neighborhood and with changes in the status of these indices at different levels of the neighborhood has also changed the resilience statusIn general, the result of this study was that the resilience of white soil neighborhood and informal settlement textures to environmental crises is poor. When examining the spatial status of each of the resilience indices at the neighborhood level, we find different resilience conditions that result in different status in the physical, social, and economic characteristics, so it can be deduced that different resilience indices have different effects. On the resilience rate of the white soil neighborhood and with changes in the status of these indices at different levels of the neighborhood has also changed the resilience statusIn general, the result of this study was that the resilience of white soil neighborhood and informal settlement textures to environmental crises is poor. When examining the spatial status of each of the resilience indices at the neighborhood level, we find different resilience conditions that result in different status in the physical, social, and economic characteristics,