همکاری‏ های ژئواکونومیکی و رقابت‏ های ژئوپلیتیکی چین و امریکا در منطقه آسیا پاسیفیک در قرن بیست‏ ویکم

این پژوهش به‏دنبال بررسی کارکرد ژئواکونومیکی و ژئوپلیتیکی دو بازیگر جهانی امریکا و چین در منطقه آسیا پاسیفیک است. چین، به‏عنوان بزرگ‏ترین قدرت اقتصادی و نظامی منطقه پاسیفیک و تا یک دهه آینده به‏عنوان یکی از دو قدرت بزرگ جهانی، و امریکا امروز، به‏عنوان تنها ابرقدرت جهان، عضو غربی منطقه پاسیفیک و دارای منافع فراوان و شرکای اقتصادی و نظامی در این منطقه است. این دو کشور با دو مدل همکاری و رقابت در منطقه پاسیفیک در برابر یکدیگر در حال نقش‏آفرینی‏اند. با افزایش مداوم قدرت اقتصادی، فناوری، و نظامی چین، نگرانی امریکا از این کشور نیز رو به فزونی است. از یکسو، امریکا نمی‏تواند از ظرفیت بزرگ ژئواکونومیکی چین برای اقتصاد پویای خود بهره نبرد و از سوی دیگر قدرت اقتصادی و نظامی به‏سرعت رو به رشد چین و اختلافات ژئواکونومیکی، ارضی، مرزی، و امنیتی که چین با همسایگان پاسیفیک خود دارد بهانه مداخله و نظارت امریکا در منطقه را فراهم می‏کند. یافته‏های پژوهش نشان می‏دهد ظرفیت بزرگ ژئواکونومیکی چین و منافع سرشاری که اقتصاد و بازار رو به رشد چین و قدرت نقش‏آفرینی این کشور در عرصه جهانی نصیب امریکا خواهد کرد، چشم‏انداز همکاری ژئواکونومیکی بین دو کشور بیش از رقابت‏های ژئوپلیتیکی در این قرن خواهد بود، اگرچه امریکا از سود نظامی رقابت‏های ژئوپلیتیکی منطقه پاسیفیک نیز دست نخواهد کشیدو با افزایش قدرت اقتصادی و نظامی و نفوذ جهانی چین و پیشی‏گرفتن بر امریکا در این قرن، دو کشور سازش و همکاری را بر ستیز ترجیح خواهند داد.

geoeconomic cooperation and geopolitical competation of china and america in the asiapacific region in the twentyfirst century

extended abstractthe study seeks to explore the geoeconomic and geopolitical functions of the two american and chinese global actors in the asiapacific region. china as the greatest economic and military power of the pacific region and, for the next decade, as one of the world’s only superpowers, is a western member of the pacific and has many interests and economic and military partners in the region. . the two countries are playing a role with two models of cooperation and competing in the pacific. with increasing economic, technological and military power in china, us concern over the country is increasing. on the one hand, the united states can not take advantage of china’s large geoeconomic capabilities for its dynamic economy and, on the other hand, china’s rapidly expanding economic and military power and the geonuclear, territorial, border and security disputes that china has with its pacific neighbors, the pretext of intervention and provides us oversight in the region. the findings of the research show that the great geoeconomic potential of china and the huge benefits that china’s growing economy and market, and the role of the country’s global role in the global arena will give the prospect of geoeconomic cooperation between the two countries more than geopolitical competitions in this century although the united states will not be able to take advantage of the geopolitical benefits of the pacific regionintroductionthe asia pacific region is a macro region that covers the east and west pacific and includes all the countries of east asia, the southeast, the countries of the australian continent and the vast russian territory. on the pacific coast is north, central and south america. the us is a western pacific and is due to its direct presence in the region (since world war ii), with geonuclear cooperation and geopolitical rivalry with actors in the region. the twentyfirst century, the economists and strategists and great scholars (including brzezinski, mirsammer, kissinger, taro, gilpin, etc.) of the asianpacific century, know that half the population of the planet and the consumption market, the capital of capital and origin technology will focus in this area. as a result, the united states will devote a large part of its political, economic and security focus to this area in the coming years, so that it can take advantage of the benefits of the asiapacific economic benefits.methodologythe methodology of this research is based on the importance of the subject in the present, analyticaldescriptive, and at the same time taking advantage of the broadscale analogy of the pacific region at the heart of geoeconomic cooperation and the geopolitical rivalry between america and china. this research uses library information and documentation, including important foreign and domestic sources, such as geopolitical, geopolitical, international relations, political economy, and international credentials and figures to support the approach used in this paper. is. also, the views of professors in this field have been used to reinforce scientific arguments. forward research has used scientific and rational arguments during the analysis of documents, and has reached a major conclusion of the future of geoeconomic cooperation and the geopolitical rivalry of america with china.results and discussion,most americans (taro, nai, kissinger, brzezinski, gilpin, ferguson, zakaria, etc.) believe that the american dodger, if it is to mean america’s exceptional superiority in military, economic and soft power sources, at the center of the global power balance and management of global interests, it has not ended, although it has been a major weakness. contrary to what the claimants claim on the start of the chinese dome, we have not yet entered the postamerican world, certainly the continuity of the american damage will not be as if it had passed in the twentieth century. the share of the united states in the world economy, which after the second world war, and up to a decade later, had half the world production, has been declining, and this situation will continue. in the words of brzezinski, power in the 21st century will be scattered and distributed, with the growth of developed countries and the acquisition of a part of the global contribution of the economy cake, it will reduce the contribution of such powerful powers as the united states, and the complexity resulting from the emergence of many more developed countries, and to in addition to increasing the role of nonstate actors, it will be difficult for the country to influence and organize actions for a powerful country like the united states . in the 21st century, leadership does not mean domination, the united states should be ready for a partner in the world to partner in this century. today, with less advent and lessening american power in the international arena and confronting a more complex world, and many diverse actors, they must make strategic and intelligent choices in both internal and external dimensions, so that in the next few decades they can overcome their supreme power or promise. conclusionthe study examines the economic, political and security capabilities of the united states and china and the requirements for geoeconomic cooperation between the two countries. china has a keen interest in geocommunal cooperation with the united states and the world, thanks to its vast material and human capacities, the rapid and sustained economic growth (more than four decades), and the ability to export goods and services over the united states. that’s why pursuing a policy of détente and cooperation instead of geopolitical competition in its foreign relations. but at the same time, the united states has put geopolitical competition and geoeconomic cooperation and in the recent period (20202016) the geopolitical and geopolitical competition in its foreign relations agenda. given that these two major powers account for about 40% of the world’s economy and will account for half the global economic contribution over the next decade, the need for the two countries in the future will necessitate geocommunal cooperation more than geopolitical competition. keywordsasiapacific region, usa, china, geonuclear cooperation, geopolitical competition