ارزیابی ژئومورفوسایت‌های شهرستان خور و بیابانک و طبس به‌منظور گردشگری کم‌شتاب

مقصد‌های کویری و بیابانی به‌سبب داشتن ویژگی‌هایی مانند بکر بودن، آرامش، مهمان‌نوازی ساکنان و فرهنگ غذایی غنی، از مقصدهایی محسوب می‌شوند که قابلیت زیادی در گردشگری کم‌شتاب دارند. با تلفیق دو گونه گردشگری «کم‌شتاب» و «زمینمحور» و رعایت ضوابط پایداری محیط‌زیست، می‌توان از راه گردشگری کم‌شتاب، به حفظ ژئومورفوسایت‌ها دست یافت. این پژوهش درپی شناسایی و ارزیابی مقصدهایی است که با ویژگی‌های خود به ماندگاری بیشتر گردشگران در مقصد‌ها کمک کنند. اطلاعات این پژوهش توصیفیکاربردی، با بهره‌گیری از منابع کتابخانه‌ای، اینترنت و گفت‌وگو با کارشناسان گردآوری شد و به‌کمک پرسشنامه، تعداد 20 ژئومورفوسایت از دو شهرستان طبس و خور و بیابانک با استفاده از روش فاسیلوس ارزیابی شد. دلیل انتخاب روش فاسیلوس، تعداد بیشتر معیارهای امتیازدهی و هم‌خوانی بیشتر آنها با معیارهای گردشگری کم‌شتاب است. داده‌ها به‌کمک نرم‌افزار spss و با به‌کارگیری تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی، بررسی و تحلیل شدند. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان دادند که ژئومورفوسایت‌های دق‌ سرد و گرم، کال سردر، معادن و روستای پروده، روستای بیاضه و کویر روح‌مرغوم به‌ترتیب امتیاز 1 تا 5 را برای هدف گردشگری کم‌شتاب داشتند. همچنین، ژئومورفوسایت‌های کال نمک، تل خاکستری، آب‌معدنی گرمه، ریگ‌جن و روستای بیاضه به‌ترتیب امتیاز 1 تا 5 را برای هدف گردشگری زمینمحور به‌دست آوردند. در پایان، راهکارهایی پیشنهاد شد، از‌جمله: تکمیل راه‌های ارتباطی، فضاهای تفریحی و امکانات گردشگری؛ تهیه و تولید نقشه و بروشور برای معرفی ژئومورفوسایت‌ها؛ سازگاری اقامتگاه‌ها با محیط؛ دوره‌های آموزشی برای گردشگران و مردم محلی؛ بهره‌برداری از گردشگری علمی برای جذب گردشگران و دیدار از مناطق.

Assessment of Geomorphosites in Two Counties of KhoorBiabanak and Tabas for Slow Tourism

IntroductionDomestic tourism with overnight stay is one of the most important types of tourism in each country. This is very important to identify and assess destinations that have potential for developing slow tourism. The destinations in arid areas have factors such as silence, hospitable people and rich culinary. Thus, these destinations have high potential to be developed as slow tourism sites. By combination of slow tourism and geotourism because of their sustainable objects we can reach the aim of protecting and conserving of environment. The target of this study is to identify and assess potential destinations which can feature up to more consistency of tourism. The study is a descriptivefunctional research using library resource, internet, and field research. Required information was gathered from experts and visitors, using SPSS24 and GIS10.2. The results show that the first selected geomorphosite for slow tourism was DaghSardGarm and the first selected geomorphosite for geotourism was KalNamak. Aesthetic value has the highest rating and ecological value the lowest. According to tourism point of view the most important criterion of slow tourism was attraction and benchmark and planning and infrastructure with the lowest score. Finally, based on findings and take advantages of SWOT technique, review strategy (WO) is the adapted strategy for development planning of slow tourism in geomorphosites in this case study. In general, all new models of tourism infrastructure, namely environmental protection and socioindividual issues are wellintended. One type of the tourism from both branches (environmental and socioindividual wellintended) has emerged, with slow tourism emphasizing on Geomorphosites. The desert and its wilderness are vast and beautiful as one of natural attractions of our country. Today deserts contain attractive areas for ecotourism visitors. By using existing conditions, new activities can be started in the field of tourism. The optimal approach could be the development of tourism market with low impact and reduce the negative impact of tourism. In the process of this development, slow tourism will play a key role.MethodologyThis study as an applied research is conducted by using field and library reviews to provide information and data. This research as a leading investigation has to assess geomorphosites to develop the slow tourism, and earlier studies (external or internal) had never developed this kind of tourism in geomorphosites. Hence, the measure of the facilities and services according to the rules and reliable sources of slow tourism, have 5 subcriteria. Ten experts in the field of tourism in areas of KhoorBiabanak or Tabas were asked about 20 locations. According to the expert’s opinion, we selected 10 Geomorphosites in the KhoorBiabanak County and 10 Geomorphosite in Tabas County. These sites had the greatest potential for tourism development. The experts have used a questionnaire to assess and evaluate each Geomorphosites.Results and discussion Since scrutiny of tourism potential of Geomorphosites in each county and the utilization of expert’s opinion, 10 Geomorphosites had been selected from each county. The experts evaluated 20 Geomorphosites by utilizing the criteria defined by the values of scientific, ecological, cultural, aesthetic, economic, facilities and services. Total topmost scores on different criteria are related to KalSardar Geomorphosite and total lowest score on different criteria are related to Mehrjan’s Aqueducts Geomorphosite. Cronbach’s alpha values were then determined. This amount was reported for all values equal to 0.858. The KMO exploratory factor analysis was performed on the data. Using factor analysis Varimax rotation for six main criteria was expressed in two categories. Factor analysis results showed that for slow tourism purposes, the cultural, economic, facilities and service criteria are more important. For landbased tourism, scientific, ecological