هوشمندسازی، رویکردی در تحقق توسعه پایدار شهری (مطالعه موردی: منطقه 6 تهران)

توسعه پایدار از مهم‌ترین دغدغه پژوهشگران در دهه‌های اخیر است؛ زیرا تمامی ابعاد و جنبه‌های زندگی بشر را دربرمی‌گیرد. براین‌اساس، اصطلاح توسعه، معطوف به ارتقای سطح و کیفیت زندگی افراد و بهبود رفاه عمومی جامعه و پایداری آن است و به استمرار این فرایند در طول نسل‌های بشر اشاره دارد. در این زمینه، شهر هوشمند نه واقعیت بلکه نوعی راهبرد محسوب می‌شود که در جهت چشم‌انداز توسعه آینده به آن توجه شده است. این شهر به چگونگی شکل‌دهی شهر توسط شهروندان و اینکه چگونه می‌توان به امر توسعه پایدار شهری کمک کرد و به آن سرعت بخشید، اشاره دارد. تراکم بالای زندگی و وابستگی به منابع مشترک، شهرها را در موقعیتی قرار می‌دهند که به مکان‌هایی برای توسعه پایدار تبدیل می‌شوند؛ بنابراین هدف این پژوهش بررسی نقش شهر هوشمند (محیط هوشمند، پویایی هوشمند، اقتصاد هوشمند، حکمرانی هوشمند، زندگی هوشمند و مردم هوشمند) در تحقق توسعه پایدار شهری برای منطقه 6 کلان‌شهر تهران با بهره‌مندی از 14 محله است. پژوهش حاضر پیمایشی است و داده‌های آن به‌کمک پرسشنامه که اعتبار صوری دارد جمع‌آوری شد. برای دستیابی به میزان پایایی پرسشنامه نیز از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد هوشمندی و پایداری شهری رابطه هم‌بستگی مستقیمی دارند. همچنین براساس نتایج تحلیل رگرسیونی، سه عامل تحرک هوشمند، مردم هوشمند و زندگی هوشمند از مهم‌ترین عوامل موثر بر پایداری به‌شمار می‌آیند. زندگی هوشمند تاثیرگذارترین و مهم‌ترین عامل تبیین پایداری است و پس از آن به‌ترتیب تحرک هوشمند و مردم هوشمند قرار دارند.

SmartMaking; An Approach for Attaining Sustainable Urban Development(Case atudy: Zone 6 Tehran)

Extended AbstractIntroductionThe concept of the smart city over the past two decades has found great popularity in the world of world science and politics. The term of development focuses on improving the level and quality of life for individuals and improving the general welfare of society and its sustainability refers to the continuity of this process throughout the human generations. As a result, the sustainable development will encompass all the aspects and dimensions of human life. Sustainable development focuses on the qualitative and quantitative aspects. Since 1990, the term of Smart City has been expanded with the liberation of telecommunications and the development of services provided through the Internet (De Santis et al., 2014). What drives a city into intelligence is not merely the useing of electronic device and communication system of that city. Smart City is a city that administers all affairs of its citizens, online, including services, public and private services. So, one of the main differences between the smart city and other urban concepts (virtual city, electronic city, digital city, etc.) is the ability of the smart city to answer and solve the urban problems of citizens under the low to high hierarchies (Abdoli and Moradi Asl , 2015). Smart city citizens have a high responsibility for their city because they are more aware of their own city and can participate in its administration, and they will provide service at their level of participation. It can be said that the purpose of the Smart Cities project is to achieve some of the purposes of sustainable development. So, according to the aforementioned issues in this study, the role of smart city (smart environment, smart mobility, smart economy, smart governance, smart life and smart people) In Attaining sustainable urban development for Tehran’s 6th metropolitan area with 14 neighborhoods, that one of the main physical features of which is its location in the city center of Tehran, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the establishment of the most important administrativeservice utilities with a transnational, urban and even national scale of serviceoriented utilization have been pointed out; that today faces many challenges and problems, such as blending of resources, population overflow in the region, the concentration of ministries and important institutions of the country and ... causing instability in the neighborhoods of this region.MethodologyThe current study was conducted using a survey method and a questionnaire technique was used to collect data. Measurement tools (questionnaires) have formal validity. For obtaining its validity, Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was used. The statistical population of this study is all residents in the Zone 6 Tehran, 400 of them were selected by cluster sampling method. The Zone 6 Tehran may be considered as one of the central areas of Tehran. The geographical area of this neighborhood leads from the south to the north of Enghelab Islami Street, from the north to the Hemmat highway, from the east to the Modarres highway and from the west to the Shahid Chamran highway. The Zone 6 Tehran is divided into smaller units called the neighborhood, with the number of units being 14 neighborhoods (Municipality of Zone 6). Results and discussionThe results of this study indicate that there is a solid correlation between smart environment, smart governance, smart mobility, smart people, smart living, smart economy, and increasing each of the smart city components will increase the stability of Tehran’s 6th area. This result is according to the research findings of Su, Li and Fu (2011), Awosusi and Jegede (2013), Lee, Hancock , and Hu (2013). The results of regression analysis indicated that three factors of smart mobility, smart people and their smart life affect their significant sustainability and are the most important factors. The smart mobility, smart people and smart lives are 26%, 16%, and 28%, respectively. So, among these factors, smart life is the most influential factor in explaining sustainability, followed by smart mobility and then smart people. The result of this research is consistent with the research by Ni and Liu (2014).ConclusionThe term of development focuses on improving the level and quality of life of individuals and improving the general welfare of the community, and its sustainability refers to the continuation of this process throughout the generations. In this way, sustainable development encompasses all aspects and dimensions of human life. By paying attention to the purposes, principles and philosophy of sustainable development explain that sustainability of development depends on the participation of the people of a country in the planning, implementation and evaluation of projects. Since sustainable development has a quantitative and qualitative dimension, it is necessary to change the attitudes, skills, and perspectives of individuals, while the development wheels proceed more quickly, and this is not possible with the cooperation of all people. In sustainable development, people constitute the true wealth of every nation, and the purpose of development is to create conditions that people can enjoy from a long life and healthy life. Over the past decades, cities have become increasingly important in economic, environmental, social, and development trends, that point to the real and focal point of political and economic strategies. The smart city is about how citizens can shape the city and how it can contribute to urban development. Smart cities join each other by strategic planning initiatives from a bottomup perspective. The planning approach from top to bottom and from bottom to top must be complementary. Areas, neighborhoods, and urban spaces are key elements of smart city strategies. In other words, sustained development is a dynamic and continuous process in response to changes in economic, environmental, social and physical pressures. So, the current paper argued that the use of new methods such as urban intelligence with intelligent economy, smart people, smart environment, intelligent mobility, smart people and intelligent governance can realize urban sustainability with purposes. Main supply of basic needs, improvement of living standards, better management of ecosystems and a secure future in various aspects of economic, social, cultural, environmental, physical and other.