ارائه مدلی برای تحریم خرید کالاهای خارجی با میانجی‌گری خصومت مصرف‌کننده

گرایش به مصرف کالاهای خارجی و بی توجهی به تولیدات داخلی، یکی از چالشی‌‌‌ترین مسائل کشورهای درحال‌ توسعه بوده که لطمه های جبران ناپذیری را بر ساختار اقتصادی این کشورها وارد ساخته است. هدف این پژوهش، ارائه مدلی برای چگونه تحریم‌کردن خرید کالاهای خارجی در راستای حمایت از تولید داخلی می‌باشد. رویکرد تحقیق حاضر آمیخته بوده و ازنظر هدف کاربردی و ازنظر ماهیت و روش توصیفی – پیمایشی است. در مرحله کیفی جامعه آماری را متخصصین و خبرگان حوزه مصرف‌کننده و افرادی که در زمینه تحریم و خصومت مصرف کننده مطالعاتی داشته‌اند تشکیل می‌دهد که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری گلوله برفی، 16 نفر انتخاب‌شده‌اند. در مرحله کمی نیز جامعه آماری را مصرف‌کنندگانی که حداقل یک‌بار نسبت به تحریم کالای خارجی اقدام نموده‌اند تشکیل می‌دهند که مطابق جدول مورگان و به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس، تعداد 396 نفر انتخاب‌شده‌اند. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات در مرحله کیفی مصاحبه اکتشافی و در مرحله کمی پرسشنامه محقق ساخته است. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها در مرحله کیفی از روش تحلیل تم (تحلیل مضمون) و در مرحله کمی از مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری استفاده ‌شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد عوامل موثر بر تحریم خرید کالاهای خارجی را می‌توان در قالب دو عامل اصلی «هم افزایی تحریم» و «خصومت مصرف کننده» دسته‌بندی نمود که این دو عامل دربرگیرنده هشت مفهوم مشترک، «آمیخته بازاریابی»، «عوامل سیاسی»، «قوم‌گرایی»، «عوامل فرهنگی»، «وجهه کشور»، «عوامل مذهبی»، «ملی گرایی» و «نفوذ هنجاری» می‌باشند.

developing a model for the boycotting of buying foreign products by considering the mediating role of consumer animosity

introduction: one of the most important problems in the iranian society is the tendency to consume foreign products. neglecting the internal products and the prevalence of foreign products causes a vast irrecoverable damage to the economic structure of the country. in this situation, the effect of a boycott on buying foreign products is one of the alternatives for protecting the national economy. the purpose of this boycott is to preserve national wealth and prevent the outflow of currency. consumer ethnicity is one of the important reasons for banning foreign products consumption. religiosity affects consumers’ willingness to boycott the purchase of certain foreign products, which can be due to consumer animosity. consumer animosity is related to individuals’ negative feelings toward a specific country’s product. consumer animosity bans the desire to buy products from foreign countries. it has attracted considerable attention in international marketing literature as a determinant for foreign product purchase behavior. the purpose of this paper is to develop a model to boycott foreign product considering the mediating role of consumer animosity.methodology: this research is applied in terms of purpose and has been conducted using in-depth and semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire. at first, the thematic analysis technique was applied to design a model with a qualitative approach, and then the model was assessed using a quantitative approach. the statistical population of this study consisted of the citizens of tehran, qom and sirjan. the data were collected using a semi-structured interview with 16 selected through the snowball sampling method. in the quantitative stage, the statistical population consisted of consumers who had boycotted foreign products at least for one time. at this stage, 396 people were selected according to morgan table and the available sampling method. the data collection in the qualitative exploratory stage was done through interviews and in the quantitative stage through the researcher-made questionnaire. this questionnaire consisted of 48 questions on theoretical and experimental aspects of five common concepts related to the synergistic factor of sanctions. they included marketing mix with five questions, cultural factors with six questions, ethnicity with eight questions, country image with four questions and political factors with five questions and three common concepts related to the factor of consumer hostility, including religious factors with four questions, nationalism with six questions and normative influence with ten questions. the validity of the questionnaire was reviewed by five experts and faculty members. after the adjustments, the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed. cronbach’s alpha method was used to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire. the cronbach’s alpha value was 0.946, which indicates the appropriateness of the reliability of the questionnaire. the quantitative part of modeling was assessed using structural equations via the amos software.results and discussion: the effective factors on boycotting buying foreign products are classified in eight concepts and two categories. the first category includes marketing mix, political factor, ethnocentrism, country image, and cultural factor which are classified in a boycott synergy category. it has a significant relationship with the boycott of foreign products. the second category consists of religious factor, nationalism, and normative influence which are classified into consumer animosity categories with significant relationships to the boycott of foreign products. the results show that the existence of the mediating variable consumer animosity intensifies the effect of synergy of boycotts on boycotts on the purchase of foreign products.