تاثیر عوامل نهادی بر عملکرد بازار شرکت‌های مستقر در پارک علم و فناوری با نقش قابلیت‌های دانش و فناوری

امروزه تغییرات مداوم محیطی و گستردگی رقابت سبب شده است تا عملکرد بازار برای مدیران شرکت‌ها امری حیاتی باشد. موفقیت سازمان‌ها در این امر تنها محدود به عوامل ملموس نبوده، بلکه عوامل ناملموسی مانند عوامل نهادی و قابلیت‌های سازمانی نیز تاثیرات فراوانی بر عملکرد بازار بنگاه‌های تجاری می‌گذارد لذا شرکت‌های پارک‌های علم و فناوری (به‌ویژه پارک علم و فناوری رشت) می‌توانند با استفاده صحیح از عوامل نهادی و دستیابی به قابلیت دانش و قابلیت فناوری به اهداف خود نائل شوند. این پژوهش باهدف بررسی اثر عوامل نهادی بر عملکرد بازار انجام‌شده است، همچنین بر نقش میانجی قابلیت‌های سازمانی (قابلیت دانش و قابلیت فناوری) نیز تاکید شده است. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف پژوهش توصیفی- پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر شرکت‌های مستقر در پارک علم و فناوری رشت را در برمی‌گیرد. بر این اساس نمونه‌ای مشتمل بر 57 شرکت مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. داده‌ها به کمک پرسشنامه‌ای گردآوری شدند و برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری و تکنیک حداقل مربعات استفاده شده است. مدل پژوهش در دو سطح اول و دوم مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفته است. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش نشانگر آن است که عوامل نهادی بر ایجاد قابلیت دانش و قابلیت فناوری تاثیر دارد. همچنین قابلیت دانش و قابلیت فناوری نقش میانجی در رابطه بین عوامل نهادی و عملکرد بازار دارند.

the effect of institutional factors on the market performance of companies located in science and technology parks with a focus of the role of knowledge and technological capabilities

introduction: nowadays, the global approach can be clearly seen in the movement of ‎countries towards a knowledge-based economy. knowledge and ‎technology are the main factors in creating wealth in countries and are ‎considered as powerful tools in national development. in this regard, science and technology ‎parks support companies to develop knowledge and technological ‎ideas and commercialize their products. they also span a bridge between academia, industry and government, leading ‎to sustainable growth and development based on competitive advantages at the national level. companies in these parks can use the norms ‎and values in the environment through institutional factors to ‎improve their performance, increase their market share, retain their current ‎customers, attract new customers and ultimately improve their market ‎performance. constant environmental changes and the extent of ‎competition have made market performance critical for corporate ‎executives. in this context, there are not only ‎tangible but also intangible factors involved institutional factors and ‎organizational capabilities; these factors have great impacts on the market ‎performance of businesses. since improving market performance requires ‎effective and stable communication with the institutional environment of the ‎organization, companies in science and technology parks (especially rasht ‎science and technology park) can make good use of institutional factors ‎‎(i.e., institutional support, political management relations, and legal legitimacy). ‎knowledge and technological ‎capability are considered as intangible organizational resources to achieve goals. this ‎study was conducted to investigate the effects of institutional factors on ‎market performance, in which the mediating role of organizational ‎capabilities (knowledge capability and technology capability) is also ‎emphasized.‎methodology: this research is descriptive in terms of the purpose, a survey in terms of strategies and questionnaire-based in terms of data collection. the study population consisted of companies located in rasht science and technology park. cochran’s formula was also used to determine the required number of samples. according to this formula and the 67 people in the study population, 57 were finally selected as the sample. accordingly, after referring to the companies, 57 questionnaires were collected. the questionnaires were designed based on seven likert options (1 = very low to 7 = very high). as for the characteristics of the respondents in this research, about 66.7% of them were men, 47.4% were bachelors, 36.8% were masters, and 12.3% were doctors. also, 60.9% of the cases were from 30 to 35 years old.results and discussion: according to the output of the smart pls 2 software, in the first model, institutional support explains 88%, management political relations 39% and organizational legal legitimacy 74% of the changes in institutional factors. institutional factors explain 67% of the changes in knowledge capability and 62% of the changes in technology capability. these relationships are significant at the 95% significance level. at the same time, institutional factors account for 39% of the changes in market performance. knowledge and technological capability explain 20% and 16% of the changes in market performance. these were confirmed at the significant level of 99.9%. according to the software output in the second model, institutional support explains 10% of the changes in market performance, 42% of the changes in knowledge capability, and 46% of the changes in technology capability. management political relations explains 17% of the changes in market performance, 16% of the changes in knowledge capability, and 19% of the changes in technology capability. the legal legitimacy of the organization also explains 36% of the changes in market performance, 34% of the changes in knowledge capability and 17% of the changes in technology capability.