دغدغه‌های معناداری در اشعار ابن‌سینا

این مقاله بر این اعتقاد است که اساساً شعر می‌تواند مقوله‌ای فلسفی باشد. ادبیات و به‌طور خاص شعر، نوعی نگرش به هستی است و ادبیاتی که پشتوانۀ فلسفی دارد، به‌صورتی هنرمندانه از نگرش شخص به هستی، زندگی، رنج، مرگ و معنای زندگی سخن می‌گوید. براساس مطالعۀ اشعار ابن‌سینا که در این مقاله انجام شده است، می‌توان گفت که ابن‌سینا هرگز فارغ از دغدغه‌ها و دلواپسی‌های غایی با خاستگاه اگزیستانسیالیستی نبوده است. آزادی اراده، تنهایی، مرگ و پوچی چهار مسئلۀ اساسی این مطالعه هستند. این مقاله به‌منظور رسیدن به قضاوتی دقیق‌تر در مواجهۀ ابن‌سینا با هستی و همچنین، پاسخ به معناداری یا بی‌معنایی زندگی، به بررسی اشعار وی پرداخته است.

meaningful concerns in ibn sina’s poems

heterophenomenology is a term that daniel dennett coined against husserl’s phenomenology, and its purpose is to study the problem of consciousness from a third-person perspective, as it is common in natural sciences. dennett criticizes husserl’s phenomenology due to its reliance on introspection and first-person perspective, as well as the impossibility of creating consensus. the result of this is skepticism, solipsism, and relativism. according to dennett, the only appropriate and agreeable method for studying consciousness is to focus from a third-person point of view on the processes that go on in the brain and are not available through introspection and from a first-person point of view. accordingly, dennett proposes the model of multiple drafts in opposition to the cartesian theater to investigate consciousness, according to which all types of perception, thinking, and mental activity in the brain are accompanied by multi-directional processes of interpretation, description, and development within sensory data. in this article, the claim is defended that the criterion of essentialism to distinguish introspection from the phenomenological method, considering dennett’s opposition to any essentialist approach to studying consciousness, is not effective. in addition, the priority of the third-person approach leaves no room for a phenomenological science based on the third-person perspective.