ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺑﺮﺧﯽ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﺑﯿﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎی اﻣﯿﺪﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ آب در اردﺑﯿﻞ

اﻫﺪاف: ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﺶﻫﺎی ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﺑﻮم ﻧﻈﺎمﻫﺎی زراﻋﯽ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮔﺰﯾﻨﺶ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎی ﻣﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح آﻣﺎری ﺑﻠﻮکﻫﺎی ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ روش ﺑﻠﻮکﻫﺎی ﺧﺮد ﺷﺪه ﻧﻮاری در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار ﻃﯽ دو ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1396-97 و 1397-98 در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اردﺑﯿﻞ اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. دو ﺳﻄﺢ آﺑﯿﺎری ﺑﺪون ﺗﻨﺶ و ﺗﻨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻋﻤﻮدی و 20 ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اﻓﻘﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮی ﺷﺪه ﺗﺤﺖ اﺛﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎی ﺗﻨﺶ و ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و اﺧﺘﻠﺎف ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل آﻣﺎری ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ. ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺗﻨﺶ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ 905675 ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻏﺪه 49/73 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر و وزن ﻏﺪه در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ 938/36 ﮔﺮم را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻨﺶ در ﻫﺮ دو ﺻﻔﺖ 11 درﺻﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داﺷﺖ. ﮐﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻏﺪه 19/87 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر و وزن ﻏﺪه در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ 374/84 ﮔﺮم از رﻗﻢ ﻣﺎرﻓﻮﻧﺎ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﻪﻋﻠﺎوه ﺑﺎ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺗﻨﺶ، ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ آﻧﺘﯽاﮐﺴﯿﺪانﻫﺎی آﻧﺰﯾﻤﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮ آﻧﺰﯾﻤﯽ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ. ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻗﻨﺪ اﺣﯿﺎﮐﻨﻨﺪه 1/58 ﮔﺮم در ﺻﺪ ﮔﺮم ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﮏ ﺑﺎ 122 درﺻﺪ، وﯾﺘﺎﻣﯿﻦ ث 18/45 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﮔﺮم ﺑﺎ 63 درﺻﺪ، ﭘﺮوﻟﯿﻦ 0/130 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﮔﺮم ﺑﺎ 106 درﺻﺪ و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ آﻧﺰﯾﻢ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﺎز 18/16 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮل در h2o2 در دﻗﯿﻘﻪ در ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ 249 درﺻﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻨﺶ در ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ 905675 ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ آﻧﺰﯾﻢ ﺳﻮﭘﺮاﮐﺴﯿﺪدﯾﺴﻤﻮﺗﺎز 18/17 واﺣﺪ در ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ و ﭘﻠﯽﻓﻨﻞاﮐﺴﯿﺪاز 5/70 واﺣﺪ در ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ 214 و 42 درﺻﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ 901375 ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮی: در ﮐﻞ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻏﺪه، وزن ﻏﺪه در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ آﻧﺘﯽاﮐﺴﯿﺪانﻫﺎی آﻧﺰﯾﻤﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮ آﻧﺰﯾﻤﯽ، ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎی 901575 ،905675 و 901375 ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎی ﻣﺘﺤﻤﻞ و دارای ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎﻟﺎ در ﻫﺮ دو ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ و ﻋﺪم ﺗﻨﺶ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ارﻗﺎم ﻣﯿﻠﻮا، ﺟﻠﯽ و ﻣﺎرﻓﻮﻧﺎ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ارﻗﺎم ﺣﺴﺎس ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.

investigating the performance and some biochemical characteristics of promising potato genotypes under water-limited conditions in ardabil

background and objective: drought is one of the most important environmental stresses in the ecosystem of crops. in order to select potato tolerant genotypes to drought stress.materials and methods: this experiment was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design with the method of strip chopped blocks in three replications during the two cropping years was performed in ardabil region. two levels of non stress and stress irrigation were compared as vertical factor and 20 potato genotypes were compared as horizontal factor. results: the results showed that all measured traits were affected by stress treatments. under stress treatment, genotype 905675 had the highest tuber yield and tuber weight per plant. the lowest tuber yield and tuber weight per plant were obtained from marfona cultivar. in addition, with the application of stress, the activity of enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants increased. the highest amount of reducing sugar with 122%, vitamin c with 63%, proline with 106% the percentage of catalase enzyme with 249% increase compared to non stress conditions was observed in genotype 905675. the highest activity of superoxide dismutase and polyphenol oxidase with 214 and 42% increase belonged to genotype 901375, respectively.conclusion: in general, considering the amount of changes in tuber yield, tuber weight per plant, increasing the activity of enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants, genotypes 905675, 901575 and 901375 were selected as tolerant and high yield potential genotypes in both stress and non stress conditions, respectively, and milva, jelly and marfona cultivars can be introduced as susceptible cultivars.