واکاوی ترجمه‌های عین‌القضات همدانی در تمهیدات

این پژوهش[1] با الهام از چارچوب نظریِ «تاریخ نگاریِ خُرد» (آدامو، 2006) روش ترجمه‌ عین ‌القضات در تمهیدات را به بحث می‌گذارد. بدین منظور، پس از مرور پیشینۀ مطالعاتی و معرفی اجمالیِ مبانی نظری و روش شناختی تحقیق، با تحلیل نمونه‌هایی ابعاد مختلف کنش ترجمانی عین القضات بررسی و تحلیل شده است. یافته های مقاله مبیّن آن است که عین‌القضات در مواجهه با التقاط زبانیِ عربی فارسی به شیوه ای واحد واکنش نشان نداده است؛ بلکه به تناسب «نوع متن» واکنش ترجمانی و حدود عاملیت بینافرهنگی وی متفاوت بوده است. به‌طورکلی «تلفیق ترجمه و تفسیر در تمهیدات»، «قرابت معیارهای نگارش تالیفی و ترجمه ای»، «ملاحظه‌ توامان مخاطب خاص و عام»، «تلفیق (تقریباً همیشگی) مبدامداری و مقصدگرایی» و «توجه به ویژگی‌های نوع متن در اتخاذ هنجارهای مقدماتی و عملیاتی ترجمه» از ویژگی‌های کردار ترجمانی وی در مسیر دستیابی به «تعادل منظورشناختی» بوده است. [1]. بخش هایی از این نوشته را یکی از نگارندگان نوشتار در سال 1396 در قالب سخنرانی در سومین همایش ملی رویکردهای میان رشته ای به آموزش زبان، ادبیات و مطالعات ترجمه در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد ارائه داده است.

A Passage into Ayn al-Quzat Hamdani’s Translations in Tamhidat

Abstract In recent years, by the efforts of scholars such as Maria Tymoczko, translation studies have started reacting to Eurocentrism and exclusiveness. The movement stresses the necessity for the internationalization of translation theory and the importance of paying attention to translation traditions. The authors of the present article do believe that if we, too, as the Iranian, are going to play a decent role in the expansion of the translation theory and development of translation studies, then we should first achieve a comprehensive knowledge of translation traditions all through the Iranian cultural history. In line with the necessity for such research, we have tried to show which strategies are applied by Ayn alQuzat Hamadani in his book, Tamhidat. In so doing, the article based on the theoretical framework of ’microhistory’ is to provide appropriate answers to three essential questions:  1) What translation strategies have been deployed by Ayn alQuzat Hamadani, and is it possible to compare such strategies’ results with recent achievements of translation studies as a modern discipline? 2) Is Ayn alQuzat’s translation approach in conformity with the dominant translation norms of the time? 3) How can we define Ayn alQuzat’s cultural and social agency as a translator? The present study is qualitative and based on the analytical framework of microhistory (Adamo, 2006). It aims at understanding Ayn alQuzat Hamdani’s responses to the cases of linguistic hybridity to know various aspects of his translation. For that purpose, all Arabic expressions, Quranic verses, Hadīths, sentences, and poems in the text have been studied. Tamhidat, the mystical and prose work by Ayn alQuzat Hamadani, is based on ’pragmatic’ meaning. To achieve the pragmatical signification of Arabic sentences, Ayn alQuzat Hamadani resorts to ’interpretation’ in Tamhidat, and since interpretation passes inevitably through translation, he engages himself alternately in practicing translation. After reviewing the literature of the subject matter, the method of study has been introduced. After that, the researchers move on to present a typology of translation in Tamhidat. In continuation, they analyze samples of those translation types to discuss various aspects of Ayn alQuzat Hamadani’s translation acts. The findings indicate that Ayn alQuzat Hamadani has not had the same reaction to the ArabicPersian hybridity, so his response has varied according to the texttype by Katharina Reiss. In general, a combination of authorship and translation, approximation of authorship and translation standards in his prose, and the consideration of text type in adopting preliminary and operational norms of translation are among Ayn alQuzat Hamadani’s translation acts in his way towards the implicit meaning as well as the functional equivalence.