تحلیل بلاغی حوزه‌های تصویری شعر فاضل نظری

ایجاد تحول در کلام غیرادبی و تبدیل آن به سخن مخیل فرایندی است که با کمک ابزارهای بلاغی چون تشبیه، استعاره و ... شکل می‌گیرد. تصویر که انعکاس اندیشه‌ها، عواطف، احساسات، باورها، اعتقادات، ویژگی‌های شخصیتی و درونیات شاعر است، دست‌مایۀ انتقال مضامین گوناگون به خواننده است. فاضل نظری، شاعر خوش‌قریحۀ معاصر، به کمک دو آرایۀ بلاغی تشبیه و استعاره که تاثیرگذارترین عناصر بیانی در آفرینش تصاویر شعری به شمار می‌آید و با بهره‌گیری از عناصر موجود در طبیعت پیرامون خویش در راستای انتقال مضامین مورد نظر خود به خوانندۀ شعرش، تصاویر شگرفی را خلق کرده است. در پژوهش حاضر تلاش شده است تا تصاویر شعری فاضل نظری و عناصری که شاعر برای ساختن این تصاویر به کار گرفته است، بررسی و حوزه‌ها و مضامین مختلف شعر او از لحاظ بلاغی تحلیل شود. یافته‌های پژوهش بیانگر این امر است که نظری در تصویرپردازی‌های خود که آنها را با کمک دو ابزار بلاغی تشبیه و استعاره پیش روی خواننده ترسیم کرده است، از عناصر طبیعی متعددی بهره گرفته است. این عناصر را که در قالب مشبه‌به‌ها یا مستعارمنه‌ها مطرح شده‌اند، می‌توان در حوزه‌های مختلف دسته‌بندی و میزان و نقش هریک از آنها را در آفرینش تصاویر شعری نظری تبیین کرد. فاضل تشبیه و استعاره را به صورت یکسان در تصویرسازی‌های خود به کار گرفته است.

A rhetorical analysis of the imaginal areas of Fazil Nazari’s Poetry

In order to transfer the themes to his poetry reader, Fazil Nazari has created great images by means of two rhetorical arts, that is, simile and metaphor, utilizing elements of nature around. The authors in this study have tried to examine the poetic images of Nazari and the elements used to make these images, and analyze the various areas and themes of his poetry in rhetorical terms. Fazil has used many natural elements in imagery creation. These elements can be categorized into different domains. To this purpose, he has used metaphor and simile in a same range in his illustrations.Elements of nature, which he used to depict his inner thoughts and emotions, have transformed his poetry into an articulation and manifestation of phenomena that have helped him express the poet’s insights, such as living beings and possessors of spirit and emotion. The most important poetic and artistic images that Nazari created by means of metaphor and simile are the following: Elements of nature, which he used to depict his thoughts and emotions, have transformed his poetry into an articulation and manifestation of phenomena that have helped him express his insights, such as living beings and possessors of spirit and emotion. The most important poetic and artistic images that Fazil Nazari visualized and depicted by means of metaphor and simile are the following: sea, wave, rain, fountain, marsh, sky, moon, moonlight, night, mountain, fire, mirror, window and so on. Sometimes he has used a few elements in a bit and blended multiple images together to express themes. Fazil Nazari’s poetic images can be classified into several groups. Each group includes several illustrating elements as follows: Elements associated with water and its essentials, such as sea, rain, wave, river, pond, marsh, bubble, drop, fountain, vortex, beach, mussel, etc. Elements related to light, such as flame, fire, volcano, candle, ash, etc. Elements associated with the sky, such as clouds, moon, moonlight, sun, night, etc. Elements associated with soil, such as mountains, stone, pebbles, rocks, terrain, deserts, etc. Elements related to plants, such as seedlings, trees, gardens, etc. Elements that fall within the range of fruits, such as apples, pomegranates, wheat, etc. Elements of the group of animals and birds such as fish, butterfly, yak, pigeon, etc. Elements that are objects and inorganic matters, such as mirrors, cages, walls, windows, trains, straws, etc. A statistic survey shows the quantity of poet’s use of imagery in those fields as follows: water domain %28, sky and objects jointly %17, plant domain %13, light field %8, soil domain %7, animal domain %5 and fruits %3. These statistic results suggest that the contemporary innovator poet has used elements existing in the field of water, sky, objects and material more than other natural elements in making and processing his own poetic images. Among these elements, the contribution of animals and the fruits were less than other areas. That’s totally obvious that the poet’s skill in using illustrative elements and conveying mental and intrinsic concepts in the form of various metaphors and similes is one of the factors of the popularity of the poet among the readers. So his poetry in this term is both metaphor and similebound.