یک ایهام نادر (ایهام تصحیف) در دیوان حافظ و تلاقی وجوه

حافظ شیرازی یکی از محبوب ترین شاعران پارسی زبان است. این محبوبیت در گرو زبدگی اشعار او و به اوج رساندن معنا و صورت در خلق شعر است. وی معانی بلند را از مبانی دینی و عرفانی و مضامین متعالی را از شاعرانی چون سنایی، عطار، مولوی، عراقی، سعدی و دیگر شعرای بزرگ فارسی زبان گرفته و در صورت آرایی کسانی چون خاقانی را الگو قرار داده است و شعر را به پایگاهی رسانده که دستیابی بدان محال شده است. یکی از ویژگی های منحصربه فرد حافظ توجه ژرف و باریک‌بینانه او به آراستن صورت شعر است. از این رو وی از تمام قابلیت های زبانی به خصوص قابلیت نوشتاری و خطی بهره جسته است تا لایه های شعر را زیبا و عمیق سازد. ازآنجاکه نگارش متون در قدیم، به شکل ماشینی نبود و در گذاشتن نقطه و سرکش اهمال و امساک صورت می گرفت، حافظ با بهره گیری از همین اصل از رسم الخط قدیم، واژگانی را که با گذاشتن یا نگذاشتن نقطه و سرکش متفاوت قرائت می شدند، در موضعی قرار می داد که قابلیت خوانش به دو شکل را داشته باشند و به این شکل آرایه ای بسیار نادر با عنوان «ایهام تصحیف» خلق کرده است. بررسی نمونه هایی از این آرایه گویای نکته ای نسخه‌شناسی است و آن اینکه برخی از اختلاف ضبط های بحث انگیز حاصل همین ابتکار حافظ بوده که از قضا در برخی از نسخ هنوز ردِپای این خلاقیت حافظ باقی مانده است. با شناسایی این خلاقیتِ حافظ (به کارگیری ایهام تصحیف) می توان به نقطه «تلاقی وجوه» یا «آشتی وجوه» در برخی از ضبط ها در دیوان حافظ دست یافت. این نکته نشان می دهد رسم الخط کنونی حداقل در برخی مجال ها تصحیح دیوان حافظ را غیرممکن می سازد.

A rare opacity (tashif opacity) in Hafez poetry and confluence of variances

Abstract Opacity one of the literary arenas is considered by poets who are interested in poetry. Its different forms, such as proportions, contrasts, and variations of the early poetry periods, have attracted literary critics and poets. Poets have had a great deal to take advantage of this beautiful array and evolve it. Particularly poets who have also been focused on poetic beauties alongside the meaning of poetry. Examples of using this array were evident in the Azerbaijani style, and later in more detail in the Iraqi style. Nezami and Khaghani are poets who have used this array and its many types. Later in the Iraqi style, which was presented with imagination alongside meaning, this array was also used by many poets. Hafez, through the use of the past poetry tradition, has fertilized his poem both in Arabic and in Persian. In the context of illustration, he has also benefited from the past poetry tradition. He has brought the best meaning alongside the best of the poetic images. And created the best examples of Persian poetry. It is one of the artifacts Hafiz has used in his image. In addition to Hafez’s attention to the array of archetypes, Hafez’s social and cultural atmosphere has not been affected by the use of ambiguity. In a society protected by hypocrisy if it has the equivalent of an array, it is undoubtedly absurd. In addition, the words have two meanings and in fact two faces. Among the cases Hafez has used, the opacity symmetry is most applicable. But there is a kind of opacity that hobbyists have not paid much attention to. This is an excuse to read. The reason for the lack of attention to this idea is due to the weariness of this collection and other printing facilities and contemporary writing conditions. In the past, they transcribed poetry books to replicate them. Although each episode had a variety of linear features, it was not significant at all in the written terms. This writing culture has made some poets, using this same feature, use words that have different meanings displaced in such a way that two different forms of reading can be read. Hafez also occasionally uses the same method to write words without a point and put that word in a condition that can be read in two forms. This kind of exploitation of the guard has made some of the scribers one of these variants real. But with care in the context of poetry, we find that Hafiz has placed signs for each face, and this shows that Hafez has used both words for the meaning of his poem. As a result, it is not necessary to discuss some of the arguments that are used to select some of the faces, since Hafez has taken into consideration both the array of both. But the new lineup does not have the capability to provide both forms of the word, and therefore, in some prints, only one word form is entered. Consequently, in the case of controversial examples, such as prepared  (Mohaya) and welloff (Mohana), Nest (Ashyane) and Threshold (Astane), My awareness (Khebratam) and my astonishment (Heyratam) Luxury (Tajamol) and tolerance (Tahamol) Black (Siahi) and brave(Sepahi), crooked (kaj) and deaf (kar) Mole (khal) and status (Hal) And so on Hafez has been considered in both forms.