بررسی نقش سازمان‌های کارگری و کارفرمایی در مهار بحران‌‌های فراروی نظام بین‌المللی کار: مطالعه موردی پاندمی کرونا

ﻣﺮوری ﺑﺮ ﺑﺤﺮان ﻫﺎی ﺟﻬﺎ ﻧﯽ ،ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ آنا ﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ دوﻟﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﯾﯽ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮون رﻓﺖ از آن ﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺴﺘﻨﺪ . ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮی ﺑﺤﺮان ﭘﺎ ﻧﺪﻣ ﯽ ﮐﺮوﻧﺎ ، ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎی ﮐﺎرﮔﺮی و ﮐﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎﯾﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺎزﯾﮕﺮان اﺻﻠﯽ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﺎر ﺑ ﯿﺶ از ﻫﺮ ﺑﺮﻫﻪ د ﯾﮕﺮ ی ﻧﺎﮔﺰﯾﺮ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ . رﻫﯿﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در واﮐﻨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺤﺮان و ﻧﻘﺶ ﮐﻠﯿﺪ ی ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎی ﮐﺎرﮔﺮ ی و ﮐﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ روﺷﻨﯽ در اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻫﺎی ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﺎر ﻣﻮرد اﺷﺎره ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ . ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮی ﻣﺆ ﺛﺮ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋ ﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎی ﮐﺎرﮔﺮ ی و ﮐﺎرﻓﺮﻣ ﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎب آور ی اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ی و ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ی ﺑﻨﮕﺎه ﻫﺎی اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ی ﮐﻤﮏ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮐﺮد. اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎر ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ -ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ در ﭘﯽ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎی ﮐﺎرﮔﺮی و ﮐﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ در ﻣﻬﺎر ﺑﺤﺮان ﻧﻘﺶ آﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ . در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺤﺮان و ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻫﺎی ﭘﺴﺎ ﺑﺤﺮان، آرﻣﺎن ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ را واﻗﻌﯿﺘﯽ اﻧﮑﺎرﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ . ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ آﻧﮑﻪ اراﺋﻪ اﻟﮕﻮی ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﯾﮑﺴﺎن در ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ دﺷﻮار اﺳﺖ اﻣﺎ ﻫﻤﻪ دوﻟﺖ ﻫﺎ در ﻧﻈﺎم ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﺎر ﻧﺎﮔﺰﯾﺮ از ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﻧﻘﺶ آﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎی ﮐﺎرﮔﺮی و ﮐﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺒﻮر از ﺑﺤﺮان در ﮔﺮو ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﭘﯿﺸﺮواﻧﻪ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﮔﺬ اری و اﺟﺮای ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﺳﺖ

examination the role of worker and employer’s organization in tackling crisis facing international labour system (with highlighting covid-19)

examination the previous global crisis indicates this basic point that governments can’t on their own overcome the challenges stemming from strong shocks. given the unprecedented nature of the crisis caused by the covid-19 pandemic, social dialogue involving governments and employer’s and worker’s representative organization is more important than ever. international labour standards contain specific guidance for safeguarding decent work in the context of crisis response including covid-19 pandemic. the necessity of social dialogue to response crisis and the key role of workers’ and employers’ organization is highlighted in currently international labour standards. the international labour organization’s recommendation 205 adopted in 2017, the international labour organization calls on governments to recognize this role within the framework of freedom of association and the right of association and collective bargaining contained in the 87 and 98 international labour conventions. this paper examines this issue with a descriptive-analytical method. it is obvious that effective social negotiation of labour and employer’s organizations has contributed to strategic measures to overcome the current challenges caused by the crisis and will lead to economic resilience, the sustainability of enterprises and the effective implementation of support for the employer community.