نشانه‌شناسی عنوان قصیده (حفرٌ علی یاقوت العرش) سروده محمد‌علی شمس‌الدین

نشانه‌شناسی دانشی است که از روش‌های آن برای نقد و تحلیل متون استفاده می‌شود و نقش مهمی در درک و شناخت معانی و لایه‌های پنهان متن دارد. عنوان آستانه و درگاه ورود به دنیای متن است که هر خواننده به‌ناچار باید از آن عبور کند و به همین جهت عنوان می‌تواند نقش مهمی در انگیزش خواننده به‌سوی متن داشته باشد. برخی از شاعران معاصر وسواس و دقت بسیاری در گزینش عناوین شعری خود به خرج می‌دهند و آن‌ها را آگاهانه برمی‌گزینند که ازجمله آنان می‌توان محمدعلی شمس‌الدین را نام برد. بنابراین نشانه‌شناسی عنوان می‌تواند ما را در درک و شناختی نو از شعر کمک کرده و تحلیل عمیق‌تری از آن ارائه دهد. این پژوهش در پی آن است تا قصیده‌ (حفرٌ علی یاقوت العرش) سروده محمدعلی شمس الدین، شاعر معاصر لبنان و از شاعران مقاومت جنوب را مورد تحلیل نشانه‌شناسی عنوان با تکیه بر کاردکرد بینامتنی قرار دهد و ارتباط عنوان با متن اصلی، کارکردهای عنوان در متن و سازوکارهای تولید معانی‌ را در متن قصیده واکاوی کند. از مهم‌ترین یافته‌های این پژوهش عبارتند از: عنوان به مثابه متنی موازی با متن اصلی قرار گرفته و شاعر در تمام متن اصلی در پی آن است تا از رهگذر کنش‌های موجود در متن به جایگاه وصف‌شده در عنوان دست یابد که این خود مهم‌ترین پیوند میان عنوان و متن اصلی به شمار می‌رود. افزون بر این، عنوان در متن، کارکردهایی چون کارکرد بینامتنی، توصیفی، انگیزشی، صرفی و نحوی دارد و مهم‌ترین آن‌ها همان کارکرد بینامتنی قرآنی است که شاعر با کمک آن معانی مورد نظر خود را تولید کرده است. روابط همنشینی و جانشینی، کارکردهای عنوان، منظومه‌های واژگانی و تضادهای موجود در متن از مهم‌ترین ابزارهای تولید معانی در دست شاعر بوده‌اند.

Semiotics of the Title of the Ode (Hoffaron alla yaghut e alarsh) Written by Mohammad Ali Shams alDin

Extended Abstract1 Statement of the ProblemContemporary critical studies are largely interested in the title as it is a prominent gateway to the original text the reader may pass through to enter the text. The title is the key to the text and the mechanism through which the reader reads the text, uncovers hidden layers and unpacks it. Therefore, if the reader, in the contemporary text reading enters the original text ignoring the title, a great amount of text knowledge is lost. Since contemporary poetry is not readily available to the reader, it requires mechanisms that the title is the most important of which. Hence, the present research intended to analyze semiotics of the title of the ode “Hoffaron Alla Yaghut e alArsh” focusing on Quran intertextuality.2 Theoretical FrameworkTitle semiotics in a poetic text consists of some concepts that theoretical literature makes this method. The concepts include:a. Sign and Semiotics: Everything that implies and indicates something else is called a sign. Semiology deals with three concepts of signifier, signified (referent), and signification. The signifier is a sound representing a word; the signified is the meaning passed along by the signifier; and finally, the relationship between signifier and the signified is signification. Ferdinand de Saussure asserts that there may be a knowledge pondering signs contribution in the life of the society; this knowledge is part of social psychology, and consequently, a part of general psychology. It is called semiotics.Roland Barth, the structuralist and poststructuralist semiotician, claims that linguistics embraces semiotics; although, he has been largely touched by Saussure. He adds that the signs enjoy language and speech patterns even in a nonlinguistic context.b) Title: It is a linguistic sign placed the work by which the work is named. In other words, it specifies the work contextuality. The title is a fundamental means an analyst is equipped with to discover and paraphrase (interpret) the text for diving into the underlying layers. It may clarify text ambiguities through uncovering semantic and coded structures.c) Intertextuality: Each text is an intertextual one as no text is created in vacuum. A reader interprets a text by the aid of intertextuality. Consider a text is generated in vacuum, if any possible, the reader is disconnected of the text such that it would have never found the opportunity of being read.3 Research Methodology This is a descriptiveanalytical study focused on title semiotics. In semiology analysis of the intended ode title, some mechanisms including collocation and substitution, the relationship between signifier and signified, lexical (descriptive) systems, differential relationships, as well as functions like intertextuality, have been used in the ode as means of meaningfulness. In the ode title analysis, the title morphological, syntactic, and lexical implications were initially specified; next, the findings were essentially considered as the foundation for title analysis respecting text. In semiotics analysis of text and title, also concentrated on the prior findings, the implications, various functions, and poet meaningfulness tactics were determined. 4 Research Results•The title (Hoffaron alla yaghut e alarsh) is not only an independent text parallel to the original text, but also, original text reading is impossible without understanding the title and the implications.•The Qur 'anic intertextuality in the title has conveyed the poet dedication to his late friend to addressee from the onset. In addition, the Qur 'anic semantic signification in the title as a set of present concepts calls for a set of absent concepts contrasting the title implications such that the text is basically founded on such contrast. Morphological, syntactical, descriptive, and motivational functions in addition to intertextuality are of the most important title functions in the ode studied here.•The relationship between the title and the original text, lexical contrast between the great universe (as described in the title) and the earth, intertextuality, selecting signed words and putting them together based on collocation and substitution are the remarkable mechanisms of Shams alDin in meaning production.•