عوامل مرتبط با اعتماد به عدم خیانت همسر مورد مطالعه: مردان و زنان متاهل شهر اصفهان

هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی عوامل مرتبط با میزان اعتماد به عدم خیانت همسر در میان خانواده‌های شهر اصفهان است. چارچوب نظری پژوهش برگرفته از نظریه گیدنز است. متغیرهای مستقل مورد بررسی عبارتند از زیبایی همسر، مدت ازدواج، شیوه‌ آشنایی، تفاوت سنی زوج و میزان رضایت زناشویی. به این منظور نمونه‌ای با حجم 400 زن و مرد متاهل در شهر اصفهان که حداقل یک سال از ازدواج آن‌ها گذشته بود، با استفاده از روش تصادفی طبقه‌ای انتخاب شدند. اطلاعات مورد نیاز با تکنیک پیمایش و ابزار پرسشنامه جمع‌آوری گردید. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که متغیرهای زیبایی همسر و رضایت زناشویی دارای رابطه‌ معنادار و مثبت با متغیر وابسته هستند. در نتایج حاصل از تحلیل رگرسیون گام به گام نیز ابتدا رضایت زناشویی و سپس همسر زیبا 42 درصد از تغییرات متغیر وابسته را تبیین نموده‌اند.

Factors Associated with Trusting non Infidelity of the Spouse in Isfahan City Case Study: Married Men and Women in Isfahan City)

In fact, the family institution is the smallest but the most basic foundations of society that plays a major function in the mental health of the population. The main aims of marriage, is achieving peace and quiet, and when men and women trusting each other, the peace and quiet will be more stable. The durability of marriage requires spouse's love and positive feelings toward each other (Heidari et al.,2005:122). The society expresses a clear view about sex and sexuality by formalizing the shape and nature of marriage (Bernardez,2009:42), and society that discipline lovely and sexual life of its members legally, steps on the way to destruction. No society can claim to be healthy, if don’t have healthy families, and none of the social damage is that would be caused, regardless of family influence (sarookhani,2000:11).Aim of this study is to identify factors associated with trusting non infidelity of the spouse.For theoretical framework used Giddens's theory. He argues that Personal relationships that main purpose of them is socializing and based on loyalty and honesty, is an important part of social situations of modernity. Conditions that make possible trust, in the best manner exist in limited areas of activities and social interactions, such as family or kin groups. For Giddens, the pure relationship depends on mutual trust and mutual trust, in turn, has a close relationship with intimacy and familiarization (Giddens,2008:141140). In the absence of any external moral criteria, pure relationship as a source of security, will be vulnerable in the decisive moments and other emergencies of life (ibid: 262).Hypothesis:        There is relationship between marital satisfaction and trusting non infidelity of the spouse.        There is relationship between age’s differentiation of spouses and trusting non infidelity of the spouse.        There is relationship between marriage duration and trusting non infidelity of the spouse.        There is relationship between familiarity and trusting non infidelity of the spouse.        There is relationship between spouse's beauty and trusting non infidelity of the spouse. Materials and MethodsThis study used survey techniques and the data collected by questionnaire. Statistical population in this study is Isfahan city that according to the 2006 census, has 438,852 households. a sample size of 400 women and men in Isfahan city who had been married at least 1 year were selected using stratified random sampling. The city has ​​14 zone, according to the population of households that reside in each zone, the information was collected. To determine the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, in turn, used visual validity and Cronbach's alpha technique. Variable “trusting non infidelity of the spouse” with 24 items (Alpha:0.94) is derived from a scale made by Safiri and Mirzamohammady (2004), and Variable amp;quot;marital satisfactionamp;quot; with 25 items (Alpha:0.97) derived from Hudson scale (Sanaei,2008:4746). Discussion of Results and ConclusionsBy the quantitative findings, the average of marriage duration is 12.3 years and the average of respondents ages differentiation is 5.2 years. For variable “spouse's beauty” 56.5% of respondents know his/ her spouse usual, and secondly, 43.5 %, believe that their spouse is very beautiful. For variable “familiarity” 82.8% of respondents were familiarize customary and other 17.2% were familiarize in modern ways.Table 1 shows rate of trusting non infidelity of the spouse by sex. For women, men and totally, the most frequency is “high” and the least frequency is “very low”. Table 1.Trusting non infidelity of the spouse by SexTrusting non infidelity of the spouseVery lowLowMediumHighVery highWoman1.47.622.95117.1Man00.5106029.5Total0.84.216.855.223 Table 2 shows the marital satisfaction of respondents by sex. According to the data, for women and totally, the most frequency is “high” and for men is “very high”. For all of them the least frequency is “very low”. Table 2. Marital satisfaction by SexMarital satisfactionVery lowLowMediumHighVery highWoman3.85.711.947.631Man02.17.441.149.5Total249.844.539.8 Table 3 shows the relationship between variables “Marital satisfaction”, “Ages differentiation”, “Marriage duration” and Dependent variable. “Marital satisfaction” has positive and significant relationship with dependent variable. As table shows this relationship for men and women is positive and significant too. However, others variable with an unacceptable significance level, don’t have significant relationship with dependent variable.  Table 3. Correlation between Marital satisfaction, Ages differentiation, Marriage durationand dependent variableVariableSexCorrelationSigMarital satisfactionwoman0.780.000man0.640.000total0.760.000Ages differentiationwoman0.110.108man0.050.535total0.060.266Marriage durationwoman0.040.613man0.050.527total0.020.661 Table 4 shows the relationship between variable “familiarity” and dependent variable. Significantly level higher than 0.05 for female, male and generally, indicate that there isn’t any significant relationship between these 2 variables. Table 4. Relationship between Familiarity and Trusting non infidelity of the spouseSexFamiliarityFrequencyMeanStd. deviationTSigWomanCustomary171144.423.30.3810.704Modern39142.733.5ManCustomary160155.117.11.7490.82Modern30161.117.7TotalCustomary331148.721.40.9840.326Modern69151.728.7 Table 5 also shows the ANOVA Analysis for dependent variable by Spouse's beauty. Base on significant level (Sig: 0.000) this relationship is significant. Data and averages indicate that respondents that know their spouses beautiful, more trusted him/ her.  ANOVA analysis for trusting non infidelity of the spouse by “Spouse's beauty” Table 5.SexSpouse's beautyFrequencyMeanStd. deviationTSigWomanBeautiful69152.121.63.730.000Usual141138.626.4ManBeautiful105160.616.58.590.000Usual85150.516.7TotalBeautiful17417921.34.160.000Usual226162.527 Table 6 using the stepwise multiple regression models to explain the dependent variable explored. In total, in the first stage, marital satisfaction with correlation 0.61 alone explained 41% of the changes of dependent variable. In the second step, the variable “beautiful spouse” enters the model and increase explaining rate to 42%. Table 6. Stepwise multiple regression to explain dependent variable by sexSexEnter variable stageVariablesRR2FSigBetaTT SigWoman1Marital satisfaction0.7570.57535.50.0000.7321.40.0002beautiful spouse0.760.58274.10.0000.082.40.015Man1Marital satisfaction0.780.61332.90.0000.7818.20.000Total1Marital satisfaction0.640.41131.30.0000.6110.50.0002beautiful spouse0.650.4269.10.0000.122.10.037 Results show that there is positive and significant relationship between marital satisfaction and spouse's beauty with dependent variable. These relationships for men is more than women, because men are out of home more than their wife, so they are in relationships with more people such as man or woman. If they don’t commit to their wife, it can cause infidelity and it causes women be more worried. But when there is satisfaction between spouses they aren’t worried and more trust their husband or wife. So it seems that spouse that is known beautiful, as well as is most trusted partner. It seems that respondents consider both of apparent and character beauty. In other words, when satisfaction of couple's inside, ethos and behavior is high, they see him/ her more beautiful. Giddens argues that the modern world is different from premodern world, also intimacy changing too and come close to pure relationship that requires mutual trust and commitment to relationship. If immoral relations be unethical, not only in general can lead to immoral interpersonal relations, but may also cause macro moral discipline be immoral. (Ritzer,1995:730). But there is no relationship between other variables and dependent variable. Social and socialpsychological factors are more important to explain social phenomena.