طراحی و اعتبارسنجی الگویی برای افزایش مشارکت اجتماعی در جهت کنترل پاندمی، با تاکید بر امنیت روانی جامعه؛ رهیافتی آمیخته

توسعۀ سلامت در جامعه، در راستای برقراری امنیت روانی، تنها به متولیان حوزۀ بهداشت محدود نیست و مشارکت اجتماعی همۀ اقشار جامعه، نقشی سازنده در این زمینه دارد. در همین راستا، پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی و اعتبارسنجی الگویی برای افزایش مشارکت اجتماعی در جهت کنترل پاندمی، با تاکید بر امنیت روانی جامعه، در دو مرحلۀ کیفی و کمّی انجام شده است. این پژوهش ازلحاظ هدف، اکتشافی و ازلحاظ نوع، توصیفی است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش در مرحلۀ اول، 20 نفر از پزشکان با سابقه در بیمارستان‌های استان اردبیل بودند که به شیوۀ هدفمند و با روش ارجاع زنجیره‌ای (روش گلوله‌برفی) انتخاب و در مرحلۀ دوم نیز، 302 نفر از کارکنان شاغل در دانشگاه علوم پزشکی به‌صورت تصادفی طبقه‌ای تعیین شدند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از روش تحلیل مضمون در 6 مرحله، در نرم‌افزار atlas-ti و همچنین از تحلیل عاملی تاییدی در نرم‌افزار smart pls استفاده شد. براساس یافته‌های پژوهش، 9 مضمون اصلی و 62 مضمون فرعی به‌عنوان ابعاد الگوی افزایش مشارکت اجتماعی در جهت کنترل پاندمی ارائه شد. براساس نتایج پژوهش، عوامل مدیریت، رسانه، سازمان‌های مردم‌نهاد، اقدامات، ویژگی‌های بیماری‌های واگیر، مشارکت برون‌سازمانی، تکنولوژی، مشارکت مردم و تدوین برنامۀ جامع، به‌عنوان مضامین اصلی الگوی مشارکت اجتماعی شناسایی شدند.

designing and validating a model to increase social participation and control the pandemic with an emphasis on psychological security of the society through a mixed approach

introduction the development of health in the society for establishing mental security is not limited only to the guardians of the health sector, while social participation of all sectors of the society has a constructive role in this field. on the other hand, taking into account the development of the society in different dimensions of social, economic, political, and cultural life, goal-setting and planning for achieving predetermined goals, and reaching the desired states of its various dimensions, it is necessary that the tools and consequences of achieving such an all-round development be recognized and accepted. in this regard, all the potential, natural, and human resources and facilities should be used effectively and efficiently. in many cases, with the occurrence of a pandemic and non-participation of the members of the society in complying with health standards, psychological insecurity is created in the society and the people’ social life of is severely disrupted. accordingly, different countries of the world have turned to the discussion of community participation in the management and prevention of pandemics due to aggravation of the problem of widespread diseases. health care systems must have a proper interaction with the private sector, universities, civil society, and people, implement pandemic prevention and control models in the society with a community-oriented approach, and consider relevant experiences and challenges (shabani and taheri-kharameh, 2021: 358). one of the social issues that the society is still involved in after a few years is the spread of the corona pandemic, which progressed beyond international borders and affected many people in the world. governments adopted a series of measures, including restricting entry into cities, closing schools and universities, and quarantining people at home, to control the epidemic and prevent its further spread. although these measures reduced the duration of the conflict with the corona virus and its incidence and spread, the people’s social activities were limited by these measures. in addition to concerns about the physical dangers of the pandemic, its effects on mental health had to be considered as well. epidemic diseases lead to some psychological disorders, including stress, anxiety and symptoms of depression, insomnia, anger, fear, and significant disorders (esdalahei and rafezi, 2021: 122). in general, it can be said that the health sector, with all its facilities and resources, cannot overcome the problems alone until it gets the people’s conscious support. by laying the foundation for increasing public participation, we can do better in preventing the spread of diseases, including covid-19 (rezabigi davarani et al., 2020: 113). therefore, in this research, a model was designed to increase social participation in pandemic control by using the mixed approach of effective factors and components with an emphasis on psychological security.