اثر تیمار بذور با نانوذرات تیتانیم معمولی و رنگی بر جذب عناصر و فعالیت آنزیمی

گزارشات بسیاری در مورد افزایش رشد گیاهانی که در معرض نانومواد و کاربرد خارجی آنها قرار گرفته اند وجود دارد. هدف از انجام این آزمایش بررسی احتمالی افزایش جذب نور و در نتیجه افزایش عملکرد گیاه سورگوم توسط نانوذرات تیتانیم حساس شده به رنگ می باشد که بدین منظور جهت بررسی اثر نانوذرات دی اکسید تیتانیم معمولی در مقایسه با نانوذرات دی اکسید تیتانیم حساس به رنگ بر برخی خصوصیات گیاه سورگوم، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 12 تیمار شامل شش غلظت نانوذرات تیتانیم دی اکسید (0، 1، 10، 50، 100 و 500 میلی گرم بر لیتر) و شش غلظت نانوذرات تیتانیم دی اکسید حساس شده به رنگ (0، 1، 10، 50، 100 و 500 میلی گرم بر لیتر) در 3 تکرار اجرا شد. خصوصیات مورد نظر عبارتند از: وزن تر گیاه، وزن خشک گیاه، عناصر غذایی شامل: فسفر، پتاسیم، منگنز و روی، فعالیت آنزیم های آسکوربات پراکسیداز و گایاکول پراکسیداز و مقدار کلروفیل a مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. طبق نتایج بدست آمده وزن خشک، فعالیت آنزیمی گایاکول پراکسیداز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز به ترتیب در غلظت های 10، 100 و 500 میلی گرم بر لیتر نانوذرات حساس شده به رنگ 1.25، 2.7 و 3.28 برابر و میزان عناصر فسفر، پتاسیم، منگنز و روی، به‌ترتیب در غلظت های 10، 100، 500 و 50 میلی گرم بر لیتر نانوذرات حساس شده به رنگ 72.34، 42.85، 73.95 و 28.17 درصد افزایش معنی دار نسبت به شاهد نشان دادند و دارای بالاترین عملکرد بودند، به استثنای دو خصوصیت وزن تر و کلروفیل a که کلروفیل a در غلظت 500 میلی گرم بر لیتر هر دو نانوذره از نظر آماری بالاترین مقدار را نشان داد، اما وزن تر برخلاف دیگر خصوصیت ها با اعمال نانوذرات معمولی بهترین عملکرد را نشان داد. به نظر می رسد که این نانوذرات بر اثر رنگ دار شدن، واکنش های مرتبط با نور و جذب عناصر را نسبت به نانوذرات معمولی شدت می دهند و در نتیجه عملکرد بهتری حاصل می‌گردد.

The Effect of Treated Seeds with Normal and Dyesensitized TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Elements Absorption and the Enzymatic Activity

Introduction: Increasing the production rate became considerable for farmers in various ways. Modern technologies, such as biotechnology and nanotechnology could play an important role in increasing the production and improving the quality of agricultural products. Research into the direct application of nanotechnology into agriculture is set to increase in the future. One of the most remarkable plant growth factors is its nutrition. Titanium plays a beneficial role in increasing and stimulating plants growth. Titanium 's usage in nutrition solution or spraying on the plant will increase the biomass and growth of different plant species. With respect to Nano technology enhancement in recent years the application of nanoparticles is increasing. All the positive effects of titanium dioxide depend on its ability to absorb light and the main disadvantages of this combination are the low ability to absorb visible light from the sun and absorbing more UV light. It is possible to improve its effectiveness due to the high proportion of sunlight in the visible range by absorbing the visible light of nanoparticles. To achieve this goal a layer of color will be added on the surface of the nanoparticles, which is called the nanoparticle sensitization by color. Due to the absorption of light by titanium dioxide nanoparticles, especially ultraviolet radiation, it is assumed that the creation of a color layer on these nanoparticles increases the antibacterial and fungal properties of these nanoparticles. As a result, the goal of this experiment is to investigate the possible increase in light absorption and increase the yield of the sorghum plant by titanium dioxide nanoparticles of DyeSensitized, which, some of the parameters were investigated by treating the seeds of the plant with both nanoparticles.;Materials and Methods: This research was performed in three replications in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement and with 12 treatments containing 6 concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (0, 1, 10, 50, 100 and 500 mg.L1), 6 concentration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles of DyeSensitized (0, 1, 10, 50, 100 and 500 mg.L1). Fresh and dry weight of plants, plant nutrients content (Phosphorus, Potassium, Manganese, and Zinc), activity of ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase and chlorophyll content parameters have been measured.;Discussion and Results: The saffron compounds have significant peaks in the UVVis spectrum. The spectrum of titanium dioxide nanoparticles has a specific peak in the ultraviolet range (Area between wavelengths of 200400 nm) however there is no trace of absorption in visible areas. The spectrum of the saffron solution has two identifiable peaks at 328 and 258 nm, and a double peak at 466 and 442 nm. The observed peak at 258 nm is related to the combination of Picrocrocin, which is the same colorless bitter substance found in saffron. The dual peaks range between 400500 nm and the peak appearing at 328 nm are related to the carotenoids found in saffron. Crocin also has similar peaks which are likely to be overlapping with transisomeric peaks and not separable. The Spectrum of titanium dioxide nanoparticles covered with saffron color also represents two peaks at 322 and 260 nm, and a peak at 430 nm with a specific shoulder at 458 nm. What comes from the comparison of two saffron peaks alone and saffron coated on titanium dioxide nanoparticles is that the Crocin molecules contained in saffron are attached to nanoparticles. According to the results, dry weight and enzymatic activity of Guaiacol peroxide and Ascorbate peroxide showed a significant increase compared to the control and had the highest performance respectively at concentrations of 10, 100 and 500 mg.L1of titanium dioxide nanoparticles of DyeSensitized, and showed 1.25, 2.7 and 3.28 fold. The amount of plant nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium, manganese, and zinc at concentrations of 10, 100, 500 and 50 mg.L1titanium dioxide nanoparticles of DyeSensitized had a 72.34, 42.85, 73.95 and 28.17 percent increase, except fresh weight and chlorophyll a. Chlorophyll a at a concentration of 500 mg.L1of both nanoparticles showed the highest amount, but the fresh weight, unlike other parameters, showed the best performance with normal nanoparticles.;Conclusion: It seems that these nanoparticles, by coloring, intensify lightrelated reactions compared to normal nanoparticles, which results in better performance.