تبیین الگوی عوامل موثر در ظرفیت‌سازی کارشناسان ترویج در توسعه کشاورزی اقلیم هوشمند در استان‌های شمال غرب کشور

کشاورزی یکی از حساس‌ترین بخش‌ها در مقابل تغییرات اقلیمی است که به علت وابستگی زیاد به شرایط اقلیمی، بیش از سایر بخش‌ها در معرض خطرهای تغییرات اقلیمی قرار دارد. این پژوهش با هدف تبیین الگوی عوامل موثر در ظرفیت‌سازی کارشناسان ترویج در توسعه کشاورزی اقلیم هوشمند در استان‌های شمال غرب کشور انجام شده است. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش، توصیفی- پیمایشی است. جامعة آماری پژوهش دربرگیرندة کارشناسان ترویج استان‌های آذربایجان‌شرقی، آذربایجان‌غربی و اردبیل به تعداد 4256 نفر است که از این تعداد 354 نفر به‌عنوان نمونة آماری براساس فرمول کوکران برآورد و به صورت تصادفی طبقه‌ای انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها از طریق پرسش‌نامه جمع‌آوری شدند. در این پژوهش جهت سنجش روایی پرسشنامه، از روایی صوری و روایی سازه و برای سنجش پایایی پرسشنامه از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ، ضریب پایایی ترکیبی و اشتراکی و آزمون اسپیرمن استفاده گردید. در پژوهش حاضر، از مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری و روش حداقل مربعات جزئی (pls3) جهت آزمون فرضیات و برازندگی مدل استفاده شده است. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد عوامل زیرساختی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی، سازمانی، فرهنگی، آموزشی، قانونی و فنی در ظرفیت‌سازی کارشناسان ترویج در توسعه کشاورزی اقلیم هوشمند اثر مثبت و معناداری دارد.

explaining the pattern of effective factors in building the capacity of extension experts in the development of smart climate agriculture in the northwestern provinces of the country

introductionevery country in the path of sustainable development needs capacity building and empowerment of human resources, organizations and environmental and ecological conditions, for this reason capacity building has a significant impact on the empowerment of people and groups. smart climate agriculture is a method that focuses on agriculture and seeks to improve the productivity and income of farmers, in order to increase the productivity and adaptability of agricultural products in iran, it is necessary to implement smart climate farming methods by building the capacity of human resources to make decisions and take action. agricultural extension system is considered as one of the key tools for realizing sustainable development and has capabilities such as improving livelihoods, training farmers, establishing social justice, empowering farmers, and increasing production and productivity. considering the importance of building capacity in the food supply and security sector, which is facing many threats day by day, the role of extension training in promoting agricultural innovations and new perspectives and training farmers in order to improve their knowledge, information and skills are considered the important and effective factors in capacity building and development of the agricultural sector of iran. materials and methodsin this research the statistical population of the research was formed by extension experts in the northwest of the country, which includes the three provinces of east azarbaijan, west azarbaijan and ardabil, with 4256 people. the sample size was also calculated based on cochran’s formula (n=354). in this way, according to the number of centers in each province and proportionally to the size of the statistical population and the sample size from each province, the required sample was randomly selected according to the number of employees in that provinceto address the research problem and objectives, a questionnaire was developed as the primary research tool, consisting of four sections, seven items, and 31 questions tailored for experts in agricultural promotion and development. aside from questions on personal and professional characteristics (gender, age, major, education level, work history, organizational position, employment status), all items were presented on a five-point likert scale (1: very low, 2: low, 3: moderate, 4: high, 5: very high). in this research, to determine the face validity of the questionnaire, it was approved by the opinions of the research committee as well as managers and experts of agricultural extension and education after several stages of modification and revision. in order to measure construct validity, average variance extracted index (ave) was used using smartpls software. to determine the reliability of the questionnaire, cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability coefficients were used, and for this purpose, 25 questionnaires were completed by a group identical to the research group. in this research, two main and secondary independent variables were investigated. our dependent variable in this research is smart climate agricultural development (12 items) which are influenced by two independent variables including educational factors and promotion factors. structural equation modeling (sem) method was used in this research. results and discussion  education, promotion, and capacity building of human resources are essential strategies for sustainable development (sulaiman, 2021).