The Communication between Congestion and Accepting or Rejecting Outliers Units, an Application of DEA

Outliers are considered as a set of data that distinctly stands out from the rest of thatdata. accepting or rejecting the outliers depends on various factors. the objective of thispaper is to explain the accepting or rejecting conditions of outliers. studying the congestionof the outlier units is one of the which through which the acceptance or rejectionconditions can be figure out. in this method, it is first needed to identify the outliers thathave congestion and then decide about the accepting or rejecting them. discussions arepresented following some examples to obtain higher level of underestimating of the proposedmethod. in addition, the return to scale of outliers are determined and discussedby using some examples.