hybrid energy system for ev charging station using pv fed z-source modified luo converter and fuel cell integration

Petroleum-based vehicles are rapidly being phased out of transportation sector as number of electric vehicles (evs) rises. nonetheless, timely and well-coordinated growth of ev charging stations (css) are crucial for quick implementation of evs. since randomly distributed photovoltaic (pv) system causes high power losses and voltage variances that exceed permitted limitations, integrating evcss into the current distribution network is difficult. this research proposes an ev charging solution supported by pv systems and fuel cells (fc) to sustain a variable load under an optimized energy management strategy. to overcome the intermittent nature of pv system, a z-source modified luo converter is employed, which provides higher efficiency and voltage gain. a walrus optimized proportional integral (pi) controller is utilized to improve performance of developed converter with stabilized voltage. the performance of developed fc system is improved by using boost converter with pi controller. in order to meet load requirement of the grid-connected charging station during unavailability of pv or fc shutdown condition, the grid source power the ev, thus ensures effective ev charging even under uncertain environmental conditions. the developed work is verified through matlab/simulink and outcomes reveal higher converter efficieny of  97.14% with improved voltage gain, offering uninterrupted power supply to evs.