evaluation of lightning multiple strokes nature on aircraft avionic equipment performance based on tlm

The phenomenon of lightning is a highly intricate natural occurrence characterized by the rapid discharge of electricity in the atmosphere. understanding the intricacies of lightning encompasses a range of scientific disciplines, including meteorology, physics, power engineering, and environmental science. lightning inductive effects can result in undesired operation of the avionic equipment and endanger flight safety. this paper analyzes the multiple-stroke nature of an actual flash for evaluating the indirect effects properly, such as coupling into the interior equipment of an aerospace vehicle. to the best of our knowledge, subsequent strokes in the flash tend to have a higher rate of rise and lower crest amplitudes, compared to the initial stroke. the metallic aircraft structure acts as a full faraday cage, while composite materials can decrease the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the original metal body.  the time domain finite element analysis based on the transmission line model method is regarded as a numerical technique to solve field problems by implementing circuit equivalents. the objective of this study is to examine the characteristics associated with lightning strikes by the mil-std-464a standard. it also aimed to simulate the induced current in coaxial cables, surface current density, and electric and magnetic field strength by integrating matlab and cst software.