تاملات صدرایی؛ بالقوگی‎های هیدگری/اگزیستانسیالیستی ملاصدرا

نگاه تطبیقی به دو فیلسوف که در دو سنّت متفاوت فلسفیده‌اند کاری است بس دشوار و نیازمند تامل و دقت فراوان؛ به‌خصوص اگر آن دو فیلسوف صدرا و هیدگر باشند که یکی غایت قصوای فلسفه‌اش متافیزیک است، در حالی ‌که پروای آن دیگری طرد متافیزیک. اما خوش‌بختانه این دو فیلسوف هر دو بر وجود تاکید می‌کنند و این تا حدودی کار مقایسه بین آن دو را آسان‌تر می‌کند و موجب می‌شود ما امیدوارانه‌تر این دشواری را به جان بخریم. به رغم تفاوت‌های بنیادین در نگاه این دو نابغه فلسفی به مسئلهٔ وجود، می‌توان شباهت‌هایی را، که ما آنها را بالقوگی‌های هیدگری صدرا نامیده‌‌ایم، در تفکر این دو فیلسوف جست‌وجو کرد. در این مقاله، کوشیده‌ایم این شباهت‌ها را در ضمن شش تامل نشان دهیم: 1. نفی شناخت مفهومی در هردو فیلسوف؛ 2. نفی ثنویت سوژه و ابژه؛ 3. تحلیل وجودی از حقیقت و نفی مفهوم سنّتی و مطابقی آن؛ 4. تحلیل اگزیستانسیال انسان؛ 5. مستوری کنه وجود و چگونگی گشودگی آن؛ 6. «هستی روبه‌مرگ» به مثابه وجهی از وجوه بنیادین انسان در هر دو فیلسوف.

Sadrian Contemplations; Mulla Sadra's Heideggerian and Existentialistic Potentialities

A comparative look at two philosophers philosophized in two different traditions is a very difficult task and thus requires deep contemplation and great attention, particularly when they are Mulla Sadra and Heidegger and the former's final end of philosophy is metaphysics and that of the latter is to reject it. Fortunately, however, both of them put emphasis on existence, which makes it somewhat easier to compare them and gives us the motivation and more hope to endeavor in this regard. Although there are fundamental differences between these two genius philosophers' view on the issue of existence, we can find some similarities in their thoughts, which we call them Mulla Sadra's Heideggerian potentialities. The present paper seeks to show these similarities through six meditations: 1) meditation on the denial of conceptual knowledge in the thoughts of these two philosophers 2) meditation on the denial of the duality of subject and object 3) meditation on the existential analysis of the truth and denial of its traditional and correspondent concept   4) meditation on the existential analysis of human being 5) meditation on the concealment of Being and how it explores and 6) meditation on “beingtowardsdeath” as a fundamental aspect of human being in the thoughts of these two philosophers.Ja'far Morvarid[1]Mohammad Khalili[2][1]. Assistant professor of department of Islamic sciences and theology, Firdausi  University of Mashhad[2]. MA of Islamic theology and philosophy, AlMustafa international University, Mashhad Ja'far Morvarid[1]Mohammad Khalili[2]A comparative look at two philosophers philosophized in two different traditions is a very difficult task and thus requires deep contemplation and great attention, particularly when they are Mulla Sadra and Heidegger and the former's final end of philosophy is metaphysics and that of the latter is to reject it. Fortunately, however, both of them put emphasis on existence, which makes it somewhat easier to compare them and gives us the motivation and more hope to endeavor in this regard. Although there are fundamental differences between these two genius philosophers' view on the issue of existence, we can find some similarities in their thoughts, which we call them Mulla Sadra's Heideggerian potentialities. The present paper seeks to show these similarities through six meditations: 1) meditation on the denial of conceptual knowledge in the thoughts of these two philosophers 2) meditation on the denial of the duality of subject and object 3) meditation on the existential analysis of the truth and denial of its traditional and correspondent concept   4) meditation on the existential analysis of human being 5) meditation on the concealment of Being and how it explores and 6) meditation on “beingtowardsdeath” as a fundamental aspect of human being in the thoughts of these two philosophers.Key words: Heidegger, Mulla Sadra, knowledge, fundamentality of existence, existential, subject.[1]. Assistant professor of department of Islamic sciences and theology, Firdausi  University of Mashhad[2]. MA of Islamic theology and philosophy, AlMustafa international University, Mashhad