بررسی مقایسه‌ای هوش هیجانی، سبک‌های دلبستگی و تاب‌آوری در بین نوجوانان متولدشده با دو روش زایمان طبیعی و سزارین

پیش‌زمینه و هدف: یکی از مهم ترین هدف های روان شناسی مثبت، شناسایی متغیرها و روش‌هایی است که بر بهزیستی و سلامت روانی تاثیر دارد و موجب زندگی بهتر و سازگاری انسان با زندگی و تهدیدات زندگی می شود. ازجمله ویژگی ها و توانمندی هایی که در روان شناسی مثبت گرا اهمیت بسزایی دارد، می توان به هوش هیجانی، سبک های دلبستگی و تاب‌آوری اشاره کرد و نوع زایمان (طبیعی و سزارین.) می تواند بر این متغیرها تاثیرگذار باشد. لذا پژوهش حاضر باهدف مقایسه هوش هیجانی، سبک های دلبستگی و تاب آوری در بین نوجوانان متولدشده با دو روش زایمان طبیعی و سزارین صورت پذیرفت.روش کار: روش پژوهش تحلیلی و از نوع مقایسه ای است. جامعه آماری کلیه ی دانش آموزان دختر مقطع متوسطه شهرستان ممسنی مشغول به تحصیل در سال 981397 بود که با روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای تعداد 60 نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونه (30 نفر با زایمان طبیعی و 30 نفر سزارین) تعیین شدند. گردآوری اطلاعات از طریق پرسش نامه های تاب آوری کانرو دیویدسون (2003)، هوش هیجانی بار آن (1997) و سبک های دلبستگی کولینزورید (1990) انجام شد. داده های جمع‌آوری‌شده با استفاده از روش تحلیل واریانس یک راهه (آنوا) و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار spss22 تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند.یافته ها: یافته های پژوهش نشان داد بین هوش هیجانی دو گروه زایمان طبیعی و سزارین تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (p . به‌طوری‌که میانگین (و انحراف معیار) هوش هیجانی در گروه زایمان طبیعی 321 (21) و سزارین 307.89 (21.69) نشان داد هوش هیجانی گروه زایمان طبیعی بیشتر از سزارین است. همچنین نتایج نشان داد بین سبک های دلبستگی ایمن در بین گروه زایمان طبیعی 13.43 (4.27) و سزارین 12.46 (2.3)، اجتنابی در بین گروه زایمان طبیعی 12.2 (3.12) و سزارین 13.24 (2.83)، اضطرابی در بین گروه زایمان طبیعی 15.79 (4.02) و سزارین 14.17 (5.07) و تاب آوری در بین گروه زایمان طبیعی 75.03 (14.66) و سزارین 69.71 (20.39) در بین دو گروه تفاوت معنادار آماری وجود نداشت (0.25=p).نتیجه گیری: با توجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر می تواند گفت که تجربه فیزیولوِژیکی نوع زایمان می تواند بر ویژگی های روان‌شناختی مانند هوش هیجانی تاثیر داشته باشد.

COMPARISON OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, ATTACHMENT STYLES, AND RESILIENCE AMONG TEENAGERS BORN WITH TWO METHODS OF CESAREAN SECTION AND VAGINAL DELIVERY

Introduction:Childbirth is one of the most influential changes in women #39;s lives. This change is not only forgotten for women, but because of its importance, the type of delivery is effective in the psychoBackground Aims: One of the most important goals of psychology is to identify the variables and methods that affect wellbeing and mental health and lead to a better life and human adaptation to life and life threats. Emotional intelligence, attachment styles, and resilience are some of the characteristics and abilities that are important in positive psychology and the type of delivery (cesarean section and vaginal delivery) can affect these variables. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare emotional intelligence, attachment styles, and resilience among adolescents born with two methods of cesarean section and vaginal delivery. Materials Methods: The research is a descriptiveanalytical research and scientifically comparative. The statistical population consisted of all girls rsquo; high school students in Mamasani city in 20172018. 60 students were selected by cluster sampling (30 students for vaginal delivery and 30 students for cesarean section). Data were collected by Resilience Questionnaire of Conner and Davidson (2003), Emotional Intelligence of Bar Ann (1997), and Attachment Style of Collins and Rid (1990). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21 software, and descriptive statistics and one way variance analysis (ANOVA) were utilized.Results: The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the emotional intelligence in the two groups of vaginal delivery and cesarean section (p <0.02). The mean (standard deviation) of emotional intelligence in vaginal delivery was 321 (21) and it was 307/89(21.69) in cesarean section group. Findings showed that emotional intelligence in vaginal delivery group is more than cesarean section group. Also there is no difference between the safety in vaginal delivery (13.43 (4.27)) and cesarean section (12.46 (3.2)), avoidance attachment in vaginal delivery (12.2 (3.12)) and cesarean section (13.24 (2.83)), anxiety attachment in vaginal delivery (15.79 (4.02)) and cesarean section (14.17(5.07)), and resilience in vaginal delivery (75.03 (14.66)) and cesarean section (69.71 (20.39)).Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that the physiological experience of the methods of delivery can affect psychological characteristics such as emotional intelligence.Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Attachment Styles, Resilience, Undergone Cesarean, Vaginal Deliverylogical and physical development of mothers and children. Therefore, the present study aims to Comparison of emotional intelligence, attachment styles and resilience in teenagers undergone cesarean and vaginal delivery.Materials and Methods: The research is a descriptiveanalytical research and scientifically comparative. The statistical population consisted of all girls rsquo; high school students in Mamasani city in 20172018. 60 people as sample were selected by cluster sampling (30 people of vaginal delivery and 30 people cesarean section). Data were collected by Resilience Questionnaire of Conner and Davidson (2003), Emotional Intelligence of Bar Ann (1980) and Attachment Style of Collins and Rid (1990). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21 software, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and one way variance analysis (ANOVA).Findings: The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the emotional intelligence between the two groups of vaginal delivery and cesarean section (p <0.05). that mean of emotional intelligence in vaginal delivery (321)and cesarean section (307/89)showed emotional intelligencein vaginal delivery is more than cesarean section. Also there is no difference between the safety, avoidance and anxietyattachment stylesand Resilience.Conclusion:The physiological experience of the type of delivery and the stress caused by it, causes changes in the psychological processes of mothers and children. And it is difficult adapting mothers with their parenting roles. Therefore, by adopting precise guidelines on management and delivery of childbirth, it is possible to expand decision making for the selection of vaginal deliveryand thereby improve the outcomes of childbirth. Introduction:Childbirth is one of the most influential changes in women #39;s lives. This change is not only forgotten for women, but because of its importance, the type of delivery is effective in the psychological and physical development of mothers and children. Therefore, the present study aims to Comparison of emotional intelligence, attachment styles and resilience in teenagers undergone cesarean and vaginal delivery.Materials and Methods: The research is a descriptiveanalytical research and scientifically comparative. The statistical population consisted of all girls rsquo; high school students in Mamasani city in 20172018. 60 people as sample were selected by cluster sampling (30 people of vaginal delivery and 30 people cesarean section). Data were collected by Resilience Questionnaire of Conner and Davidson (2003), Emotional Intelligence of Bar Ann (1980) and Attachment Style of Collins and Rid (1990). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21 software, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and one way variance analysis (ANOVA).Findings: The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the emotional intelligence between the two groups of vaginal delivery and cesarean section (p <0.05). that mean of emotional intelligence in vaginal delivery (321)and cesarean section (307/89)showed emotional intelligencein vaginal delivery is more than cesarean section. Also there is no difference between the safety, avoidance and anxietyattachment stylesand Resilience.Conclusion:The physiological experience of the type of delivery and the stress caused by it, causes changes in the psychological processes of mothers and children. And it is difficult adapting mothers with their parenting roles. Therefore, by adopting precise guidelines on management and delivery of childbirth, it is possible to expand decision making for the selection of vaginal deliveryand thereby improve the outcomes of childbirth.