development and validation of the academic mindfulness questionnaire in iranian students (amq-5): the formation of a concept

Introduction: although different tools have been designed to measure mindfulness, none has comprehensively examined academic mindfulness. therefore, the present study aimed to build a reliable and valid tool for academic mindfulness measurement in students.method: the research was a descriptive-correlational study and a validation of the test. participants included 420 students of bu-ali sina university in the academic year of 2022-2023, selected by multistage cluster random sampling method and completed the academic mindfulness questionnaire (amq-5), fear of self-compassion scale, and academic engagement questionnaire. data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.results: examination of the data by exploratory factor analysis showed that all 20 items had acceptable factor loads and revealed five factors (self-compassion, accepting without judgment, presence in the moment, performing tasks with awareness, and listening with full attention). moreover, according to the confirmatory factor analysis, the questionnaire had an acceptable fit (rmsea=0.047, ­ agfi=0.91, nfi=0.96, cfi=0.98). the findings showed that academic mindfulness was significantly correlated with fear of self-compassion and academic engagement. moreover, cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.89.conclusion: according to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that the academic mindfulness questionnaire has a good validity and reliability and can effectively measure academic mindfulness in the five factors mentioned.