the effects of ultrasound, infrasound, and electroconvulsive stimulations on depression-like behavior in mice

Introduction: in the present study, the effects of ultrasound, infrasound, and electroconvulsive stimulation on depression-like behavior was assessed in animal models. method: for carrying out this study, 60 male balb/c mice (mean age of 60 days, weight range of 25 – 30 g) were randomly selected. depression was induced using reserpine 0.1 mg/kg i.p. for 30 days. they were allocated to three groups of experimental (ultrasound, infrasound, and electroconvulsive stimulation) and one group of control animals, each including 15 mice. experimental animals received ultra- or infrasound 0.5 hours or 1 electroconvulsive pulse, daily for 10 days. finally the forced swim test was carried out. results: there was a statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the duration of immobility posture [f (3,54) = 99.54]. mean immobility time was significantly longer in the control group compared to the other groups. also, immobility was significantly longer for electroconvulsive compared to the ultra- and infrasound groups. group ultrasound showed longer immobility than group infrasound; however, the difference was not significant. conclusion: ultrasound and infrasound stimulations are capable of decreasing depression-like behavior in mice. the results of this study were also compatible with the application of electroconvulsive therapy. however, a more successful response can be exploited with ultra- and infrasound stimulations.