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   South Caspian River Mouth Configuration Underhuman Impact and Sea Level Fluctuations  
   
نویسنده Alizadeh Ketek Lahijani Hamid ,Tavakoli Vahid ,Amini Abdol Hossein
منبع علوم محيطي - 1386 - دوره : 5 - شماره : 2 - صفحه:65 -86
چکیده    Rivers that flow from the iranian eoas t to thecaspian sea encompass 135,000 km2 of thatcatchmen t's basin and supply 40 mill ion tonsediment to the caspian coas t annually. thedynamics of river mouths and deltas are studiedusing hydrological data of the rivers, air photos,sate llite images and geologica l andgeomorpho logica l maps as well as fieldobservations and sediment sampling. result s fromth is study show that the morph ology of the rive rmouth s and deltas are mainly controlled by mar ine(ware-induced currents and sea level changes) andfluvial processes. among these factors, sea leveland riparian sediment supply have greatvariability. ana lysis of hydr ological data revealedthat, durin g the past few decades with increasinghuman activities, the sediment supply of the riversreduc ed from 10 to 40 %. the caspian sea levelhas changed over a range of 3 m duringinstrumental measurements. the rivers areclass ified into three groups based on themorphology of their mouth s and the nature ofriver/sea dynami cs: type i is river s that enter tothe sea through lagoons and lowland s. they havegained an ephemeral nature due to increasingwater consumption rece ntly. type 2 rivers have anormal flow into the caspian sea. they arecommon in steep slope coas ts, where they arerarely affec ted by human activities and sea levelchanges. on moderately sloping coasts, they areslightly affected by long-shore currents of the sea.some distributaries of the rivers enter into the seaindependentl y. some bars and lagoons aredeveloped in the vicinity of the river's mouth, mostcommonly since the last sea level rise. type 3represents the great rivers with a significantsediment supply (sefidrud river in the west andgorga nrud river in the east), producing deltas andmouth bars. they have high sediment dischargeinto the sea and are more greatly affected both byhuman activities and sea level changes.
کلیدواژه River Delta ,South Caspian Sea ,Sea Levelchange ,Delta Classification
آدرس Iranian National Center For Oceanography, Iranian National Center For Oceanography. University Of Tehran, Faculty Of Sciences, Department Of Geology, ایران, University Of Tehran, Faculty Of Sciences, Department Of Geology, ایران
پست الکترونیکی lahijani@inco.ac.ir
 
     
   
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