تبیین و تحلیل سیر ارتباط علمی محدثان و عالمان اصفهان و نیشابور از سدۀ سوم تا هفتم هجری

تعامل علمی در تمدن اسلامی زمینۀ بالندگی مراکز علمی و رشته‌های مختلف علوم را فراهم کرد. نیشابور به ‌عنوان یکی از مراکز مهم علمی جهان اسلام، به‌ خصوص در زمینۀ دانش حدیث و با داشتن امتیازات ویژه در جذب عالمان اصفهان به نیشابور موفق بود. تعداد این عالمان و محدثان اصفهانی در نیشابور در قرن چهارم و پنجم به‌دلیل شرایط نیشابور به هفتاد نفر رسید. شماری از عالمان نیشابور نیز در اصفهان حضور یافتند. برخی از عالمان و محدثان اصفهان، به‌خصوص کسانی که مذهب شافعی داشتند، با سفر به نیشابور بر جریان حدیثی نیشابور تاثیرگذار شدند و جزء مشایخ محدثان مشهور نیشابور قرار گرفتند. این نوشتار بر آن است تا با روش توصیفی و تحلیلی این سوال را بررسی کند که چه عاملی در تعامل محدثان و عالمان نیشابور و اصفهان در قرن چهارم و پنجم موثر بود؟ چگونه محدثان اصفهان در دانش حدیثی نیشابور تاثیر گذاشتند؟ محدثان اصفهان به‌دلیل رونق مذهب شافعی در نیشابور و امتیازاتی که برای پیروان مذهب شافعی فراهم بود، در قرن چهارم و پنجم به نیشابور سفر و با محدثان نیشابور تعامل علمی کردند. همچنین برخی محدثان اصفهان با حضور در نیشابور جزء مشایخ و استادان محدثان بزرگ و مشهور شافعی‌مذهب نیشابور شدند و دستاورد این تعامل وجود روایات محدثان اصفهانی در تالیفات محدثان مشهور نیشابوری بود که به‌طور محسوسی در تالیفات محدثان مشهور نیشابور به چشم می‌خورد.

explanation and analysis of the course of scientific communications between scholars and muhaddiths of isfahan and neishabur from the 3rd to the 7th century ah

academic interactions in islamic civilization have provided the basis for the growth of scientific centers and various fields of science. as one of the important scientific centers of the islamic world, neyshabor has been successful in attracting scholars from isfahan, especially in the field of hadith knowledge in a way that the number of esfahani hadith scholars in neishabur reached 70 people in the 4th and 5th centuries due to the conditions of neishabur. a number of scholars from neyshabur were also present in isfahan. some scholars and muhaddithists of isfahan, especially those who had the shafi’i religion, influenced the flow of hadiths in neyshabur by traveling there. they became among the famous muhaddith scholars of neyshabur. this article aimed to investigate the following question with a descriptive and analytical method: how did the scholars of isfahan leave the hadith knowledge in neishabur? the scholars of isfahan traveled to neishabur in the 4th and 5th centuries due to the prosperity of the shafi’i religion in neishabur and the privileges that were available to the followers of the shafi’i religion. they engaged in scientific interactions with the scholars of neishabur. also, some muhaddiths of isfahan, who were present in neishabur, became among the elders and teachers of the great and famous shafi’i muhaddiths there the result of this interaction was the noticeable presence of traditions of isfahani muhaddiths among the famous neishabori muhaddiths.introductionisfahan and neishabur were among the scientific centers in the islamic world and the focus of the presence of scholars because of the privileges they could enjoy. among the advantages of neyshabur, we can mention its favorable economic situation, various movements of religion, many schools, and numerous muhaddiths. these concessions provided the basis for attracting scholars from other places. the knowledge of hadith in neishabur was one of the key fields of knowledge that was prevalent there. the best hadith works of sunnis, including sahih bukhari and muslim, were written in this city. on the other hand, isfahan was one of the scientific centers in the knowledge of hadith in the islamic world. its numerous muhaddiths has been mentioned in the local history sources of isfahan. in these sources, it is mentioned that the muhaddiths of isfahan have traveled to other places, while those of the other places have gone to isfahan, which is a sign of the prosperity of this knowledge among the scholars of isfahan.materials and methodsthis research aimed to investigate the course of scientific relations between the scholars of neishabur and isfahan in the field of hadith from the 3rd to the 7th century ah by using a descriptive-analytical method and library data and relying on the first and second category sources.discussion, results, and conclusionone of the important advantages of neishabur is that in the 4th and 5th centuries of hijri, the shafi’i religion has flourished in this city. the existence of many schools for the shafi’i sects, lecturers, and many muhaddiths, who were of this religion, was very effective in attracting the shafi’i muhaddiths of isfahan because some officials in isfahan were staunch supporters of the hanbali religion from the middle of the 3rd century.