تدوین راهبرد سیاست گذاری پویا در تعاملات بین‌المللی برای توسعه اقتصادی ج.ا. ایران

ورود به عصر اطلاعات و ارتباطات و پایان جنگ سرد، مفاهیم و عناصر قدرت را متحول و دولت‌ها را به سمت تجهیز توانمندی‌های نظامی با قدرت اقتصادی، از طریق توجه به شاخص‌های توسعه پایدار و گسترش تعاملات بین‌المللی، هدایت کرد. ایران نیز پس از انقلاب اسلامی و سپس جنگ تحمیلی، هدف کسب جایگاه قدرت اقتصادی منطقه جنوب غرب آسیا را در چشم‌انداز 1404 قرار داد. تاکنون، مواجهه با مشکلاتی نظیر جنگ و تنش‌های سیاسی مانع از پیاده‌سازی برنامه‌ای راهبردی عملیاتی برای تعاملات بین‌المللی کشور شده است. این در حالی است که جهانی‌شدن، موقعیت ژئوپلیتیک و ژئواکونومیک خاورمیانه، و ماهیت منحصربه‌فرد ج.ا.ایران در منطقه، ضرورت حضور موثر این کشور در زنجیره تولید و تجارت جهانی را ایجاد کرده است. بنابراین درصدد ارائه راهبرد موردنیاز ج.ا.ایران در سیاست‌گذاری تعاملات بین‌المللی و تبیین ویژگی‌های آن هستیم. بنا به فرضیه پژوهش، راهبرد سیاست‌گذاری پویا، مبتنی بر تعامل سازنده منطقه‌ای و بین‌المللی، فهم کارکرد ساختارهای اقتصاد بین‌الملل و تطابق با استانداردهای بین‌الملل در چارچوب منافع ملی، راهبرد مناسب تعاملات بین‌المللی برای تحقق توسعه اقتصادی جمهوری اسلامی است.روش تحقیق، توصیفیتحلیلی است و به‌منظور پاسخ‌گویی به سوال اصلی، از تحلیل محتوای کیفی و کمی دادهها (ثانویه کتابخانه‌ای و نخستین نظرخواهی از خبرگان) و ابزار آماری نظیر spssو تحلیل مسیر استفاده شد. پس از تایید جامعه نمونه در مورد متغیرها، شاخص‌ها و مدل پیشنهادی، مدل یا الگوی نهایی ارائه شد که به باور این پژوهش و تایید جامعه نمونه، کاربست مدل پیشنهادی درنهایت بهبود قدرت منطقه‌ای کشور در قالب شاخص‌های قدرت سازنده را به همراه خواهد داشت.

Developing a Dynamic Political Strategy for I.R.I’s International Interactions for Economic Development

Extended Abstract Intrduction Throughout its progressive path towards sustainable development and due to the dynamics of the international system, development has experienced several up and downs in different countries, gradually, to reach the era of modern technologies, at the verge of which global economics, politics and communications have been emerged and economic development placed at the focal center of development. The result of series of studies focused on economic development, its methods and theories in different countries led to the strengthening the belief in the increasing role of international interactions for economic development. Eventually, at present, most countries’ vision or policy of economic development is focused on improving the country’s international interactions considering the effects on economic development. Given the role of international interactions in economic development and in view of the 20year vision of the country, which places the Islamic Republic at the position of regional power of Southwest Asia in 1404, this study intends to present a political strategy to guide the international interactions of the I.R.I in line with economic development.    Methoddology      In order to provide the I.R.I with a dynamic political strategy for international interactions in line with economic development as the main question of this study, the research method was based on postpositivism applying comparative as well as survey research approach. An in other words, descriptiveanalytical method was used based on a combined (quantitativequalitative) approach and the theoretical framework is based on dynamic policy making and constructive power. Data was collected through documentary and library studies. Then, based on frequency of indicators, a questionnaire was concluded and distributed among sample society, comprised of economic and political elites and theorists. Accordingly, SPSS means of examinations (regression analysis and path analysis) was applied to examine the collected data (primary and secondary) and the proposed model of political strategy for I.R.I. was presented and approved by the sample society.  Findings  The research findings comprised of two parts: descriptive and statistic findings which are presented as follows: 1. Successful economicallydeveloped countries follow a dynamic political strategy in their international interactions in which they pay attention to economic indicators such as FDI as well as foreign policy indicators such as avoiding international sanctions. 2. As per secondary and primary data, nine main indicators of “economic development”, “effective economic indicators in international interactions”, “international interactions”, “dynamic policy making”,  “dynamic policy making in international interactions for economic development”, “constructive regional and international interaction”, “understanding the functioning structure of international economy”, “compliance with international standards”,  “national interests” and their subindicators (72) were developed and their authenticity as well as applicability in Iranian society were examined and approved through primary data collected from the sample society. 3. Economic and foreign policy indicators such as export development, transparency, etc., are in weak position in I.R.I. 4. Iran needs a comprehensive and dynamic strategy to operationalize the 1404 vision and to increase in its influence in the regional and international system Analysis Having reviewed the I.R.I. strategies within past decades, it’s been concluded that Iran is favoring potential features of regional power. Also approval of 1404 vision shows that Iranian political leaders and elites are concerned about constructive international and regional interactions and role of such interactions in economic development, however, economic as well as foreign policy indicators has been placed in weak position in I.R.I. which means that 1404 vision is a very broad and general policy. In order to its operationalization, the I.R.I. needs a transparent and dynamic strategy for conducting international interactions. A dynamic political strategy which will improve features of constructive regional power of I.R.I and increase in its influence while mitigating the regional tensions and improving economic interactions in the region and international society. Concluding According to the hypothesis of this study, I.R.I strategy for international interaction should follow a dynamic policymaking strategy based on four main indicators of “constructive regional and international interaction”, “understanding the functioning structure of international economy”, “compliance with international standards”, within “national interests” which will eventually improve the position of economic and foreign policy indicators of I.R.I and lead the I.R.I. to build the features of constructive regional powers.