evaluation of the effect of a topical gel form of pistacia atlantica and trachyspermum ammi on induced oral mucositis in male golden hamsters by bio-marker indices and stereological assessment

Statement of the problem: oral mucositis (om) is a common inflammatory complication consequent to chemotherapy or radiotherapy in cancer patients that affects their quality of life. therefore, finding an effective treatment for om is always imperative. purpose:the purpose of this experimental study was to measure the stereological, antiinflammatory and antioxidant markers of hydroalcoholic extract of pistacia atlantica (p. atlantica) leaves, trachyspermum ammi (t. ammi) fruits and their mixture on induced om in hamsters. materials and method: in experimental study, om was generated by the method employed by tanideh et al., in 90 hamsters, by 5fu (5fluorouracil 65 mg/kg, ip). all the animals were divided into 5 groups: control, topical gel base, hydroalcoholic extract 3% of p. atlantica, hydroalcoholic extract 1% of t. ammi, and a mixture of the extracts of the two plants. on days 13, 15, and 17, the cheek pouch samples were harvested. stereological scores and the levels of malondialdehyde (mda), superoxide dismutase (sod), myeloperoxidase (mpo), and interleukin1b (il1b) in the pouch tissue were measured. results: lower levels of mpo, mda, and il1b and an increase of sod level were discovered in the mixturetreated group in comparison with other groups. as an aspect of mda, no significant differences were detected between the topical gel form of p. atlantica and t. ammi groups on days 13 (p = 0.648), 15 (p = 0.981) and 17 (p = 0.540). no variations of mpo were detected among p. atlantica and t. ammi groups on days 13 (p = 0.159) and 15 (p = 0.694); however, the mpo activity of the t. ammi group was significantly lower than the p. atlantica groupon day 17 (5.57±0.56 vs. 6.48±0.35 u/ml, p < .001). the volume density of the epithelium increased in the mixture treated group (p < 0.05). conclusion: the results of this study indicated that the mixture of p. atlantica leaves and t. ammi fruits might be effective in the treatment of om.