بررسی دیدگاه معلمان نسبت به تربیت هنری با تاکید بر آموزش موسیقی در مدارس دوره ی ابتدایی شهرستان مریوان

هنر و موسیقی به‌عنوان یک واقعیت فرهنگی، بخشی جدایی‌ناپذیر از تربیت رسمی و غیررسمی دانش‌آموزان در تمامی نظام‌های آموزشی است. بر این اساس، هدف این تحقیق، تعیین دانش و نگرش معلمان نسبت به تربیت هنری با تاکید بر آموزش موسیقی در مدارس دورۀ ابتدایی شهرستان مریوان بود. این تحقیق به‌صورت توصیفی و پیمایشی اﻧﺠﺎم شد. ﺟامعۀ مورد مطالعه، ﺷﺎمل تمامی معلمان دورۀ دوم ابتدایی شهرستان مریوان ﺑﻮد. حجم نمونه را 112 نفر از معلمان تشکیل دادند که به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها نیز پرسشنامۀ محقق ساختۀ دانش و نگرش معلمان نسبت به تربیت هنری با تاکید بر آموزش موسیقی بود که روایی بخش دانش پرسشنامه توسط 2 نفر از استادان فلسفۀ هنر تایید و پایایی بخش نگرش پرسشنامه با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ 93/. به دست آمد. داده‌ها به روش لینک اینترنتی و به‌صورت آنلاین گردآوری و با استفاده از میانگین نمرات و آزمون تی مستقل مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داد که میزان نگرش معلمان مثبت و آگاهی معلمان در سطح متوسط بوده و از دیدگاه معلمان بزرگ‌ترین مشکل تربیت هنری و آموزش موسیقی دانش‌آموزان نبودن معلمان ماهر و آموزش‌دیده می‌باشد و تفاوتی بین میزان دانش و نگرش معلمان از نظر جنسیت وجود نداشت. بر این مبنا لازم است سیاست‌گذاران و برنامه ریزان آموزش‌وپرورش توجه بیشتری به مقولۀ هنر با تاکید بر آموزش موسیقی در سیستم آموزش‌وپرورش به ویژه در دورۀ ابتدایی داشته باشند.

teachers’ perspective on art education with emphasis on music in elementary schools in marivan city

the purpose of present study was to determine the knowledge and attitude of teachers toward art education with emphasis on music in elementary schools in marivan, iran. the study population of this descriptive survey included all second grade elementary school teachers in marivan city, 112 of whom were randomly selected for the study. the data collection tool was a researcher made questionnaire to measure knowledge and attitude of teachers toward art education with emphasis on music. data were analyzed with independent t test. findings showed that teachers expressed a positive attitude toward music education and had medium level of knowledge. furthermore, they reported lack of skilled and trained teachers as the biggest problem of art and music education.  according to the results, education policy makers and planners of the ministry of education should pay more attention to the category of art education with emphasis on music, especially in elementary schools.introduction one of the functions of the ministry of education in any society is to strive for the growth and flourishing of artistic and aesthetic abilities and talents of students; in other words art education. just like reading, writing, and computation, branches of art including music, painting and theater are all keys to the door to a deep understanding and success of human (paluch and malikowski, 2016, quoted in alhomaidi and salleh, 2022). art is an inseparable part of the growth of every human being and their experiences (khan and ali, 2016; whitesell, 2016; zhang et al., 2020). art makes an invaluable contribution to student education, especially in relation to academic performance, attitude toward school, and perceptions of learning. in the absence of art education, all courses reduce to soulless bodies (kumar, 2021). to address the importance of art education with emphasis on music, it is noteworthy to mention that one of the six domains mentioned in the fundamental reform document of education is aesthetics and artistic education (secretariat of the higher council of education, 2011). accordingly, since significant capacities of art education have been neglected in the curricula and educational policy of iran, the present study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of second grade elementary school teachers in marivan city with emphasis on music education.methodthe study population of this descriptive survey included all second grade elementary school teachers in marivan city, 112 of whom were randomly selected for the study in the academic year of 2018 2019. due to the covid 19 pandemic, simple random sampling method was used to select 112 elementary school teachers (72 male and 40 female). data collection tools in this research were two researcher made questionnaires of teachers’ knowledge of and attitude toward art education with emphasis on music. the questionnaires were designed in google forms and made accessible through https://forms.gle/ohrawugkb3qc5dvha.