بررسی نقش کارآفرینی اجتماعی بر توسعه فرهنگی و اقتصادی (مطالعه موردی: شهرک های صنعتی شهرکرد و بروجن دراستان چهارمحال و بختیاری)

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎ و اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎﺗﯽ را ﺑﻪوﯾﮋه ﺑﺮای اﺷﺘﻐﺎل و درآﻣﺪزاﯾﯽ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺧﻠﺎﻗﯿﺖﻫﺎی ﻧﻮﯾﻦ و ﮐﺴﺐوﮐﺎرﻫﺎی ﺟﺪﯾﺪ در ﺷﻬﺮکﻫﺎی ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﮐﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش اﺟﺮای ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری 384 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﺷﻬﺮکﻫﺎی ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺑﺮوﺟﻦ و ﺷﻬﺮﮐﺮد اﺳﺘﺎن ﭼﻬﺎرﻣﺤﺎل و ﺑﺨﺘﯿﺎری اﺳﺖ. اﺑﺰارﻫﺎی اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮی اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ و رواﯾﯽ ﺻﻮری، ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ و ﺳﺎزه اﺑﺰارﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎی ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن از ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ و رواﯾﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺮای اﺑﺰارﻫﺎ داﺷﺖ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن t ﺗﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪای و ﻣﺪل ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺎت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮکﻫﺎی ﻣﻮردﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﯾﺎﻓﺘﮕﯽ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﺳﺖ. ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯿﮕﺮی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮی ﻣﺜﺒﺖ داﺷﺖ. ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی داﺷﺖ؛ ﻟﺬا ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺮای اﺟﺮای ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و رﺷﺪ ﺷﻬﺮکﻫﺎی ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی ﺑﺮ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.

The role of social entrepreneurship in socioeconomic and cultural development of Shahrekord and Borujen industrial towns in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the role of social entrepreneurship in economic, cultural and social development of society based on a descriptivecorrelational study. The data collection tool was a questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The statistical sample was 385 employees of Borujen and Shahrekord industrial towns of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province and the data were analyzed using onesample ttest and structural equation model. Findings showed that the rate of social entrepreneurship programs in the studied settlements is average and the rate of cultural development is less than average and also the indicators of economic and social development were above average. Social entrepreneurship and the index of social development had a positive effect on economic growth, both directly and indirectly, through the mediating role of cultural development. Social entrepreneurship had an almost greater impact on economic development than the social development index, so the relevant managers should focus more on social entrepreneurship in order to successfully implement development and growth programs for industrial estates.