A Study of Ahmad Shamlou’s Translation of Federico García Lorca’s Poems in Iran from the ‎Viewpoint of Descriptive Translation Studies and Cultural Turn

The works of spanish poet federico garcía lorca have been translated into persian by many ‎translators. but the narrative produced by iranian contemporary poet ahmad shamlou seems to ‎have earned a unique place among iranian intellectuals. the “accepted” lorca in iran is a ‎revolutionist who meets a painful death in opposing the fascist regime of francoist spain. lorca ‎becomes a symbol for the iranian intellectual of the 1970s by shamlou’s pen to evoke the senses ‎of opposition and resistance. in this manner, lorca’s works are translated into persian somehow ‎guided by the idea of his heroic death and have become popular poems with the theme of ‎revolution. as a result, these poems are more the works of a lorca created by shamlou in the ‎process of translating/rewriting and less those produced by the spanish lorca. the purpose of this ‎study is to analyze the elements which have made shamlou’s lorca into a hero and compare ‎shamlou’s narrative with credible biographies of the spanish poet and take a brief look at the most ‎important changes introduced by shamlou in poems of lorca and realize how he changed the ‎poems into the poems of a hero. it needs to be mentioned that the aim is not to appraise the ‎authenticity of this narrative and poems; rather the aim is to find the reasons which have led to the ‎acceptance of this specific narrative of life among all existing choices and countless possible ‎narratives.‎