the impact of shifts on the translated text at Macro- Level- A case study of brownes translation of Dehkhoda s satires

The purposeof this paper is to apply the systematic model proposed by munday,to a shortpersian text (st) and its english translation (tt) in an attempt to explainthe impact that shifts have had on the tt at macro-level, and to interpret the ttusing lefevere's notion of rewriting. to this end, munday's notion of shifts,lefevere's notion of rewriting and lambert and hendrik van gorp's notion ofmacro-level are explained, and then, within munday's framework, the originaland the translated texts chosen for this purpose are described from a socio-culturalpoint of view and their ideational, interpersonal and textual functions arediscussed. finally, the translated text is explainedin the light of lefevere's notion ofrewriting.