manifestations of otherness in audiovisual products

The present study intended to develop and test a model to study the manifestations of otherness in animations. to this end, three existing models—di giovanni (2007) and bosinelli, di giovanni and torresi (2005), di giovanni (2003) and lippi-green (1997)—were modified and integrated. the developed model was then tested with a corpus of nine american animated movies with multicultural setting/characters. based on the findings of the corpus analysis and the identification of cases that were not subsumed under any category of the model, the model was further developed into a comprehensive one. the study revealed that american film industry benefits from dichotomizing self and other and stereotyping the other in animations.